Departmental Seminar Series 2008, Department of Nigerian Languages, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, M. B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.
BAMAGUJE DA ƊAN AKUYA: ZARGI KO ƘIYAYYA?
Daga
Ibrahim Abdullahi Sarkin
Sudan (Ph.D)
Sashen Koyar da Harsunan
Nijeriya,
Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo,
Sakkwato.
e-mail: ibrasskg@gmail.com
Tel: 0803 6153 050
GABATARWA
A rayuwa ta zahiri, son abu na sa a yawaita mu’amala da shi. Ƙiyayya kuma na iya sa rabuwa da abu kai tsaye. Misali, son da Fulani ke yi wa shanu dole kan sa a rabu. Haka kuma rashin ƙaunar da ke takanin ’yan Adam da maciji kan sa nan-da-nan ƙoƙarin kisa ya biyo baya da zarar an haɗu. Maƙasudin wannan muƙala shi ne duban irin tasirin da ke ga ɗan akuya ga Bamaguje musamman a lamurran da suka shafi matakan rayuwarsu na aure da haihuwa da mutuwa. Ganin cewa kusan duk shagalin da Bamaguje zai aiwatar sai rayukan ’yan awaki sun salwanta, shin ƙauna ce ko ƙiyayya ke takanin su?
WANE NE BAMAGUJE
Bamaguje a taƙaice kuma a idon Bahaushe (Musulmi) wanda shi ya ba shi sunan yana
nufin: Bahaushen asali ta gefen uwa da uba, wanda ba Musulmi ba, mai bin addini
da al’adun gargajiya na Hausawa musamman waɗanda suka sa’ba wa addinin Musulunci. Kalma Bamaguje kalma ce da
ke nuna jinsin namiji na kalmar Maguzawa. Mace kuma a kira ta Bamagujiya ko
Bamaguza.
MENE NE ƊAN AKUYA
A Ƙamusun
Hausa na Jami’ar Bayero, Kano an bayar da ma’anar akuya da:
“Ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin gida mai ƙaho da
gajeriyar jela, ɗage a
tankware, ana kuma cin namanta, ana shan nononta.”
Ɗan akuya shi ne jinsin namiji na dabbar da ake kira akuya kamar
yadda ma’anar da ta gabata ta bayyana. Wasu sun fi sanin ɗan akuya da suna Bunsuru.
Wannan ne ma ya sa a Ƙamusun har wa yau aka bayar da ma’ana kalmar Bunsuru ta hanyar
kallon wasu siffofi ko ɗali’u
nasa da cewa:
“Ɗan akuya wanda ya riƙa yana
wari kuma ba a dandaƙe shi ba yana bin mata yana bututu.”
WAIWAYEN MU’AMALAR BAMAGUJE DA ƊAN AKUYA A MATAKAN RAYUWA
AURE
Kusan a ce babu wani mataki na hidimar ƙulla auren Maguzawa ko
gudanar da bukin auren da ba a kawo ɗan akuya a ciki. Misali:
- Lokacin da saurayi ya ga budurwa yana so, ɗan akuya zai kama ya
sayar don ya yi mata kari in tana rawa ko toshi idan ya je zance.
- Idan bukin dangin budurwa ya taso, ɗan akuya saurayi kan bayar
a matsayin gudunmuwa.
- Idan saurayi ya kai gayya gonar iyayen budurwar da
yake so ubanta yakan ba masu gayyar ɗan akuya a matsayin tukuici.
- Idan budurwa ta gayyaci wanzami ya yi mata shasshawa,
ɗan
akuya saurayinta zai ba wanzami a matsayin sallama.
- Idan za a yi wa budurwa baiko, ɗan akuya iyeyenta za
su yanka don su tari baƙin.
- Idan amarya na zaman lalle, duk matar da ta ɗauki amarya sai ta yanka wa
‘yanmatan amarya ɗan akuya.
- Idan za a ɗaura auren Maguzawa, sai iyayen miji sun zo da ’yan awaki na tsafi
ko dukiyar aure ko namaraici ko riƙon gida da sauran su
(gwargwadon tanadin da al’ada ta yi).
- Bayan ɗaurin auren Maguzawa, akan tafi wurin tsafin da ake bauta don
neman amincewa. A nan ma ɗan akuya
ake yanka wa tsafin ya sha jini.
- Idan za a yi al’adar Kai bante ga amarya, wasu ɗan akuya ake tsafin da shi.
- Idan za a kai garar amarya daga gidan iyayenta wasu
Maguzawan sukan yanka aƙalla ’yan awaki ashirin (20) a soye wa amarya da ango su ta cin
abin su.
- Bayan an ƙare buki, idan za a salami
’yanmatan amarya, ɗan akuya
ake yanka musu.
- A lokacin da mace ke zaman aure, hatsin da ta noma
’yan waki take saye ta yi sabgar dangi.
HAIHUWA
- Idan mace ta haihu akan yanka mata ɗan akuya wai don ta
mayar da jinin da ta rasa.
- Idan aka zo ranar shan ƙauri, wasu ɗan akuya suke
yankawa.
- A wurin bukin suna wasu Maguzawan kakan jinjiri ’yan
awaki yake yankwa.
- Idan mace ta ƙare jego ta tafi ganin gida
wurin iyayenta a lokacin da za ta dawo gidan
miji akan yi mata gara har da ɗan akuya.
- A lokacin da aka yi wa jinjiri tsagar gado, wasu
sukan sallami wanzanim da ɗan akuya.
- A ranar fiton ɗan shayi, ’yan awaki ake yankawa wurin bukin, a kuma sallami
wanzami da makaɗa da ’yan
waki.
MUTUWA
- Ana birne gawar mamaci, za a yi al’adar biye gawa, ɗan akuya ake yankawa a
saman kushewar.
- Idan za a zo gaisuwar mamaci da ɗan akuya ake zuwa, ko dai a
yanka a kan kushewar ko kuma a ajiye a yi sauran shagulgulan da su.
- Ana kiran bukin kwana arba’in da mutuwar
Bamaguje bukin ’yan awaki saboda akan yanka fiye da awaki ɗari.
- Idan za a sallami makaɗin dundufa da ya kwana yana rafsar ganga a wannan bukin ɗan akuya akan ba shi.
- Wajen bukin fita takabar matan mamaci dole ne sai
matan mamacin sun tanadi ’yan wakin da za su sake a fage maza su yi wasoso.
- A bukin cika shekara na mutuwar Bamaguje ba a cin
tsafaffen tuwon noma ba tare da an kawo gasasshen ɗan akuya ba.
KAMMALAWA
Ganin yadda dangantakar Bamaguje da ɗan akuya ta zama kamar ta tsoka ta jini, wane dalili za a ce ya
kawo haka?
- Ɗan akuya ƙaramar dabba ce. A al’adance ya fi daɗi da rashin sauri guna.
- Abu ne mai sauƙi a ce a nemo ɗan akuya kasancewar sa
dabbar gida ba kamar biri ko kura ko gada ba.
- Kowane gida ana iya kiwon ɗan akuya saboda sauƙin
lamari. Ba sai an turke ba.
- Yanayin muhalin Maguawa ya tanadi irin abincin da
’yan awaki ke so da kuma yanayin da ya dace da rayuwarsu.
- Karkata ga ɗan akuya (bunsuru) ba akuya ba bai rasa nasaba da fifikon jinsin
namiji a kan mace a al’adance.
Waɗannan
dalilai su suka sa a iya cewa, yanka ɗan akuya ga Bamaguje ba ƙiyayya ba ce sai don sauƙin biyan
bukata kawai. Wani abin jawo hankali dangane da amfani da ɗan akuya wurin bukukuwa da
tsafe-tsafe na gargajiya musamman a nahiyar Afrika abu ne da ya zama ruwan
dare. Wannan ya sa na ɗauki
alwashin zurfafa bincike domin tabbatar da haka. Hausawa na cewa, “ruwa na ƙasa sai
ga wanda bai tona ba.
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