Sarkanci is an age long Hausa craft that is primarily concern with artisanal fishing which provides the much needed protein that the human body requires for its growth and development. Allah in His infinite bounties has enriched some part of Hausa land with quite a number of water bodies. These are in the form of rivers, lakes, streams, dams and ponds. There is abundant fish species stocked in these water bodies and a substantial number of people are engage in harnessing the fish resources. Due to the pattern of their occupation, the Sarkawa, a professional fishing people are migrants in nature as they move from one water body to another in search of livelihood. In the course of their migration, they move along with their local fishing gears. The host community tends to copy and learn from them a lot of water rituals, including the production and use of certain fishing gears. It is in the light of these that this paper wishes to discuss how Sarkanci has made impact on fishing among the Nupe and Jukun tribes most especially in the use of Hausa fishing gears and other water rituals.
Tasirin Sarkanci Kan
Kayan Kamun Kifi Na Ƙabilun Nupe Da Jukun
DR. MUSA
FADAMA GUMMI
Email: gfmusa24@gmail.com
Phone No.: 07065635983
Tsakure
Sarkanci sana’a ce ta
kamun kifi wadda wani rukuni na al’ummar Hausawa ta daɗe tana aiwatarwa a
matsayin hanya ta neman abinci. Sana’ar tana samar da kifi, wata halittar ruwa
da take ƙunshe da sinadarai da jikin Ɗan’adam yake buƙata domin ginuwa da
inganta lafiyar jiki. Allah a cikin nasa iko ya albarkaci ƙasar Hausa da
albarkatun ruwa kamar gulabe da tafukka da ƙoramu. A cikin wannan
ruwa, Allah ya rayar da kifi nau’uka daban-daban. Saboda waɗannan albarkatu da
Allah ya huwace wa ƙasar, ya sanya waɗansu jama’a suka duƙufa wajen tatsar
albarkatun ruwa na ƙasar. Dalilin yadda
yanayin sana’arsu ke gudana, Sarkawa mutane ne masu yawan yin ƙaura daga wannan wuri
zuwa wancan domin aiwatar da sana’arsu. Wannan ne ya sanya duk inda suka tafi,
suna zuwa ne tare da kayan aikinsu da kuma irin fasaharsu ta kamun kifi. A
wuraren da suka yi ƙaura, masu masaukinsu
kan koyi waɗansu abubuwa daga
wurinsu kamar kwaikwayon kayan aikinsu da kuma waɗansu al’adu na ruwa
kamar tsaraka. A kan haka ne wannan muƙala ta ƙuduri yin waiwaye
domin ƙyallaro irin tasirin da sana’ar Sarkanci take
da shi a tsakanin ƙabilun Nupe da Jukun musamman yadda suka
kwaikwayi wasu daga cikin harkokin kamun kifi daga wajen Sarkawa.
1.0 Gabatarwa
Sana’ar Sarkanci sana’a ce da ba ta gudana sai
inda wadatar ruwa na gulbi ko tafki ko ƙorama yake, musamman inda
ake samun wadatar halittar kifi a ciki. Sana’ar ta dogara sosai kan yin amfani
da kayan aiki daban-daban. Kayan aiki na gargajiya da ake amfani da su wajen
kamun kifi sun haɗa da koma da kalli da
taru da unduruttu da gura da tsattsara da mashi da zago da gora da jirgi da dai
sauransu. Sana’ar Sarkanci ba ta tsaya ga kamun kifi ba kawai, ta haɗa har da kambaɗar dabbobin ruwa
kamar dorina da kada da ayyu da tsari da yuma da dai sauransu. Ana kama waɗannan halittu na ruwa
ne domin abinci da kuma kasancewa ana amfani da wasu sassa na jikinsu wajen
harhaɗa magungunan
gargajiya na waraka daga cututtuka da kuma na biyan wasu buƙatun rayuwa. Sarkawa
mutane ne da suka ƙware kan sha’anin ruwa kuma ba su da wata sana’a da ta
shige kamun kifi da farautar ruwa. Hasali ma Sarkawa ko noma ba sa yi in dai
akwai wadatar kifi. Idan har noman ya kama su, ba ya wuce noman shinkafa da
suke yi a cikin fadamun da suke aiwatar da sana’arsu ta kamun kifi. Sarkawa
mutane ne masu yawan yin ƙaura daga wannan shiya zuwa waccan inda ake samun wadatar
ruwa da za su iya aiwatar da sana’arsu a ciki. A kan haka ne ake tarar da cewa
ba a ƙasar Hausa kawai ba, a kowane yanki na arewacin Nijeriya
da ma wasu sassa na Afirka ta yamma ana samun Sarkawa zaune a wuraren da ake
kamun kifi. Wannan halayya tasu ta ƙaurace-ƙaurace ya sanya suka
yaɗa fasahar wasu daga
cikin kayan aikinsu na kamun kifi, da waɗansu al’adu na kamun kifi a tsakanin wasu
al’ummomi da ke maƙwabtaka da ƙasar Hausa. A wannan fage
ne wannan muƙala take son ta yi waiwaye domin ƙyallaro yadda
Sarkanci ya yi naso a cikin sana’ar kamun kifi a al’ummomin Nupe da Jukun.
Kafin yin haka, ya dace a duba asalin kalmar Sarkanci da abin da take nufi.
2.0 Tushe Da Ma’anar Sarkanci
Bisa asali, kalmar Sarkanci ba bahaushiya ba
ce. Asalinta daga kalmar ‘Sorko’ ne, wata al’umma ta daular Sanwai (Songhai).
Al’ummar Sorko mutane ne da suka shahara matuƙa ga sha’anin su
(kamun kifi) a kogin Kwara wanda ya ratso ƙasashe da dama na
yammacin Afirka. Sana’ar su ce ta kawo wannan al’umma ta Sorko a daular Kabi.
Sannu a hankali sai wannan al’umma ta ‘Sorko’ ta saje da al’ummar da suka tarar
a Kabi (Alkali, 1969:29-30).
Domin a Hausantar da wannan kalma ta ‘Sorko’
an yi mata kwaskwarima ta hanyar cire wasalin ‘o’ a gaɓar farko aka musanya
shi da wasalin ‘a’, wataƙila domin a sami sauƙin furuci. Haka ma an
yi mata ƙarin ɗafa goshi na ‘ba’ ta yadda za a sami sunan wanda ya fito
daga wannan al’umma ta ‘Sorko’, kafin daga bisani ma’anar ta sauya zuwa ga duk
wani mai gudanar da sana’ar. An kuma cire wasalin ‘o’ na ƙarshe, aka musanya
shi da wasalin ‘e’, aka sami “Basarke”. Dangane da suna na sana’ar kuwa tushen
kalmar ne Ɗsarkɗ aka yi wa ƙarin ɗafa ƙeya na ‘nci’ aka sami
kalmar ‘Sarkanci.’[1]
Bisa ma’ana, masana sun tofa albarkacin
bakinsu dangane da abin da suke ganin ake nufi da sarkanci. Bargery, (1933:92)
a ƙamusunsa,
ya bayyana wanda ake kira basarke. Daga wannan kalma ta basarke za a iya
tantance ma’anar kalmar ta sarkanci. A cewarsa,
Basarke
shi ne masunci ko mai fito da kwale-kwale.
Idan
basarke shi ne masunci ko mai kamun kifi, to ke nan kalmar sarkanci na nufin
sana’ar su.Wannan ma’ana tana da naƙasu domin kuwa
sarkanci bai tsaya ga su ba kawai. Sarkanci, baya ga kamun kifi, ya kuma haɗa da farautar
dabbobin ruwa kamar kada da ayyu da dorina. Ya haɗa da ba da magani na iskokin ruwa, da
cizo ko sukar wata dabba ta ruwa da ma sauran cututuka na ruwa. Ba wannan kaɗai ba, sarkanci ya ƙunshi ba sana’ar
kamun kifi muhimmnci fiye da kowace irin sana’a, rani da damina. Tare da haka,
ga kuma zancen ƙwarewa kan sana’ar.
Alkali,
(1969) ya bayyana abin da yake gani ake kira sarkanci a inda yake cewa
Tun
farkon ƙarni na goma sha tara (19) kalmar sarkanci ta ɗauki
ma’anar ƙwarewa kan sana’ar su,
don haka duk bakaben da ke
yin wannan sana’a
ake kiransa Basarke.(Alkali, 1967:30)
Wannan ma’ana da Alkali ya kawo ta yi daidai
don kuwa ba kowane masunci ne ake kira Basarke ba. Basarke masunci ne ƙwararre, wanda ba ya
da wata sana’a da ta shige ta su, rani da damina. Irin wannan masunci ne za a
tarar yana iya sarrafa ruwa da ma halittun da ke cikinsa ta duk yadda yake so.
Ta fuskar ba da magani kuwa, Basarke ba kanwar lasa ba ne.
Da
wannan, ana iya cewa sarkanci kalma ce da ke nufin sana’ar kamun kifi da duk
abubuwan da ke tafiyar da ita kamar ƙwarewa a kanta da iya
sarrafa ruwa da halittun cikinsa da kuma ba da taimako na cututukan da ake samu
a ruwa da ma ba da taimako dangane da haɗurra da ake iya samu a ruwa.
3.0 Tasirin Sarkanci
A Kan Kamun Kifi A Nupe.
Nupe ƙabila ce da aka fi
samu a ƙasar Bida da Agaye da Lapai da Katcha da sauran wasu
garuruwa da ƙauyuka a cikin jihar Neja, da Wasu sassa na jihar Kogi,
kamar Lokoja. Ƙasar Nupe tana nan shimfiɗe a inda gulbin Kaduna ya yi magama da
Kogin Kwara. A galibin wuraren da Nufawa suke zaune a Jihar Neja da ma wasu
yankuna da sassa da ke maƙwabtaka da Neja, inda ake samun al’ummomin Nupe, ana
samun wadatar ruwa na gulabe da ƙoramu da tafukka.
Hasali ma, kogin Kwara da ya shigo cikin Nijeriya ta wajajen Bahindi a jihar
Kebbi, ya ratso ta Yawuri ne. Daga nan ya bi ta wajajen Agwara a jihar Neja. Kogin
ya isa yankin Bussa da Katcha, sannan ya yi magama da Kogin Binuwai a wajajen
Lokoja. Baya ga wannan, shahararriyar madatsar ruwan nan mai samar da wutar
lantarki wa Nijeriya tana Kainji ne a cikin jihar Neja. Albarkar ruwa da Allah
ya shimfiɗa a ƙasar Nupe ne ya sanya
wani sashe na al’ummar Nupe suka rungumi sana’ar Kamun kifi sosai. Wannan ne ya
sanya Sarkawa suke yin ƙaura daga yankin Kabi zuwa ƙasar Nupe domin neman
abinci ta hanyar sana’arsu da aka san su da ita, wato kamun kifi. A cewar Sulaiman,
(2001:33) tun gabanin shekara ta 1879 ake samun Sarkawa daga masarautar Gwandu
masu zuwa ci-rani na kamun kifi a wajajen Lokoja. Tun Sarkawa kan je su dawo
gida bayan waɗansu watanni a can,
sannu a hankali wasu Sarkawan sun yi kaka-gida a can. Yin tattaki a Katcha da ƙauyukanta zai
tabbatar da irin yadda Sarkawa suka yi kaka-gida a ƙasar Nupe musamman ƙauyen Ndalada da
kewayensa. Hasali ma Sarkin Bankwai na Katcha, Alhaji Sule Sarki, Basarken ƙasar Jega ne ta jihar
Kebbi. Unguwar Sabongari a Katcha, kusan a rukunin mazaunanta Sarkawan da suka
fito daga ƙasar Kabi ne suka fi rinjaye.
Duk lokacin da Sarkawan suka bar gida da nufin
zuwa kamun kifi a ƙasar Nupe, sukan yi haka ne tare da kayansu na kamun
kifi. Ba wannan kaɗai ba, dabarunsu da
dama al’adunsu duk sukan yaɗa su a tsakanin al’ummomin da ke yi masu masauki a can.
Wannan ba ƙaramar rawa ya taka ba wajen sadar da kayan aikin kamun
kifi na Sarkawa ga ƙabilar Nupe masu masaukinsu. Misali na fasahar kayan aiki
da Sarkawa suka yaɗa ko Nupe suka kwaikwaya
daga Sarkawa ya haɗa da :
3.1 Gura
Wani kayan kamun kifi ne da ake saƙawa ta hanyar amfani
da sayun itaciyar goriba da giginya. Ana saƙa raga ce wadda za a
shirya ta zama tarko mai ɗan tsawo da faɗi da wata ‘yar
farfajiya daga cikinta, wadda idan kifi ya shiga a ciki zai kasa fita domin
bakin da akan yi mata matsattse ne daga ciki. Ana haƙa wannan kayan kamun
kifi ne a gulbi daidai da inda ake samun madawayi. Haka ma ana haƙa ta a wurin da aka
yi tariya ta shinge ko ganuwa a cikin ruwa. Gura tana da inganci sosai wajen
kama nau’ukan kifaye daban-daban. Saboda ingancin da take da shi ne wajen kamun
kifi ya sanya masunta na ƙasar Nupe suka kwaikwaye ta a wurin Sarkawa kuma suke
kiranta da suna guran Sarkawa (Reed da Wasu, 1967:170)
3.2 Mali
Kamar gura, mali ma tarko ne na kamun kifi
wanda ake saƙa shi da zare domin samar da raga wadda za a lulluɓa ta jikin wasu ‘yan
tsumangi na itacen gyayya ko geza, waɗanda aka tanƙwara su, suka yi
siffa shigen akurkin kaji. Ana yi wa mali ‘yan kafofi na zagai (‘yar raga da
ake saƙawa da zare) guda biyu ko uku waɗanda suke da ɗan faɗi a waje amma
matsattsu daga ciki ta yadda duk kifin da ya shiga ciki ba zai iya fita ba.
Fasahar yin wannan kayan kamun kifi ta samo asali ne daga ƙasar Mali. Ta shigo ƙasar Hausa ne sakamakon
ƙaura
da masunta kan yi zuwa ƙasar Mali da kuma yadda masuntan Mali kan shigo ƙasar Kabi da nufin
kamun kafi. Gura mali ta shigo a yankin Kabi ne a wajajen shekara ta 1980
(Alhaji Garba Nda, Sarkin ruwan Yawuri da Agwara, hira ranar 05/03/2011).
Sannu a hankali
wannan kayan kamun kifi ya sami karɓuwa a wajen masuntan wannan ƙasa har Sarkawa
Hausawa suka yi mata suna gurar mali suka kuma yaɗa ta a tsakanin al’ummar Nupe da suke
cuɗanya da su. Sarkawan
ba su yaɗa wannan fasaha ba
sai bayan da suka yi mata kwaskwarima ta ƙara inganta ta fiye
da yadda suka same ta a wurin mutanen Mali. Kwaskwarimar da suka yi mata shi ne
saka mata zagai[2]
wanda aka saƙa shi da zaren siliki, saɓanin yadda ‘yan Mali suke yi mata
zagai na ragar koma wadda kamfani suka buga. Baya da wannan, haka ma Sarkawa
sun daɗa inganta amfani da
gurar mali ta hanyar ɗaura igiya mai ƙwari domin a gicciye
ruwan gulbin da za a haƙa gurar malin. A kan wannan igiya ne za a ɗaura duk malin da aka
haƙa
a wannan ruwa. Ana yin haka ne domin guje wa ruwan gulbi mai ƙarfi da zai iya
kwashe gurar ya yi gaba da ita. Wannan fasaha ta samu karɓuwa ga Nufawa kuma
suna amfani da wannan kayan kamun kifi sosai a ƙasarsu.[3]
3.3 Buzun Mali
Buzun mali kamar gurar mali take sai dai ita buzun
mali tana da farfajiya biyu ne ba ɗaya ba irin na mali. Ita ma raga irin ta koma
ce ake lulluɓa wa waɗansu tsumangi da aka
tanƙwasa
su, suka yi siffa shigen akurkin tsuntsaye. Buzun mali farfajiya biyu take da
shi. Ta samo asali daga wata ƙabila ta Mali da ake kira ‘Buzo’ Wannan
al’umma sun shahara matuƙa ga sha’anin kamun kifi a kogin Kwara da fadamar da ta
raɓi kogin. Sarkawa
Hausawa sun kwaikwayi wannan kayan kamun kifi ne daga wannan al’umma suka kuma
yaɗa ta a tsakanin
masunta na ƙasar Nupe. Kayan kamun kifin ya sami karɓuwa ne saboda fa’ida
da kuma ingancinta wajen kamun kifi idan aka haƙa ta a ruwa.
3.4 Gyandi
A bisa ma’ana, wannan na nufin addu’o’i na
surkulle waɗanda Sarkawa kan yi
domin neman biyan wasu buƙatu nasu waɗanda suka jiɓinci harkar ruwa. Da yawa-yawan al’adu
daban-daban waɗanda Sarkawa kan
aiwatar musamman ma dai na waibuwa a ruwa duk akan aiwatar da su ne ta hanyar
haɗa addu’o’i na
surkulle da wasu tsatsube-tsatsube. Al’adun sun haɗa da tsaraka da ɗaurin ruwa da ƙulle ruwa da kwance
ruwa da dai sauransu. Tsaraka ana yin ta ne domin neman sa’a da nasara na a
kama kifi irin wanda rayuwa take muradi. Ɗaurin ruwa kuwa ana
yin sa ne domin a nemi tsari daga kowane irin haɗari da ka iya faruwa a cikin ruwa. Ana
ɗaure miyagu kamar
kada da miyagun Iskoki da duk wata halitta da ka iya cuta wa masunci a yayin da
yake cikin ruwa. Ƙulle ruwa kuwa ana yin sa domin a yi wani mugun ƙulli don hana wani
abokin adawa ya yi nasara, a hana kama kifi a cikin ruwa. Kwance ruwa ana yin
sa domin a warware wani mugun ƙulli da aka yi da nufin a hana abokin
adawa samun nasara ta hanyar hana ya kama kifi. Waɗannan duk sihirce-sihirce
ne na Sarkawa.
Cuɗanya tsakanin jama’a da al’ummomi ba ta ƙarewa har sai an sami
wani ya koyi wani abu daga wurin wani. Cuɗanya da ke gudana tsakanin Sarkawa da Nufawa
kan haifar da tasiri mai yawa ta haujin koyon gyandi da sihiri. Al’ummar
Nufawa, haƙiƙa sun tasirantu da mu’amaloli na Sarkanci da suka wakana
a tsakanin su da Sarkawa. Da dama daga cikin Nufawa sun amfana matuƙa ta fuskar koyon
addu’o’i da gyandi daga wurin Sarkawa.[4]
4.0 Tasirin Sarkanci
Kan kamun Kifi A Ƙabilar Jukun
Jukun ƙabila ce da cibiyarta
take a Wukari cikin jihar Taraba, a yankin arewa maso gabas na Nijeriya. Wannan
ƙabila
ta daɗe tana hulɗa da al’ummar Hausawa
shekaru aru-aru da suka shuɗe. A wani ƙauli masana tarihi sun
sanya ƙasar Jukunawa wato Kwararafa ɗaya daga cikin banza
bakwai. Welmers, (1968) na ganin cewa Hausawa ne suka saka wa wannan ƙabila suna Jukun, su
kuwa suna kiran kansu da suna Apa. Wani rukuni na al’ummar Jukun da ake kira
‘Wanu’ masunta ne kuma suna zaune a gaɓar kogunan Binuwai da Kwara. Wanu, ana samun
su warwatse a jihohin Benue da Nassarawa baya ga inda cibiyarsu take wato
Taraba. Waɗannan Jukunawa masu
kamun kifi suna cuɗanya ƙwarai da gaske da
Sarkawa waɗanda suka yi ƙaura zuwa ƙasarsu domin aiwatar
da sana’ar kamun kifi a can. Sarkawan da suka fito daga yankin Kabi a lardin
Sakkwato kan yi ƙaura zuwa yankunan da Jukunawa suke zaune musamman a
wajajen Ibbi da Jalingo inda suke aiwatar da su a gulaben Talla da Bantajo
(Kamba Musa Argungu, hira ranar 23/04/2012).
Cuɗanya a tsakanin Sarkawa da Jukunawa masu
kamun kifi ta yi ƙwari sosai har ta kai Jukuwan suna kwaikwayon waɗansu daga cikin kayan
kamun kifi irin na Sarkawa waɗanda su Jukunawan ba su da su. Sun kwaikwayi waɗannan kaya ne
sakamakon la’akari da suka yi da cewa, kayan kamun kifin na Sarkawa suna da
inganci sosai wajen kama kifi. Sarkawa Hausawa ne suka tafi da fasahar saƙa gura da kuma amfani
da ita wajen kama kifi a ƙasar Jukun. A wurin Hausawa ne Jukunawa suka kwaikwayi
dabarar saƙa wannan kayan kamun kifi. A harshensu na Jukun, suna
kiran kayan kamun kifin, wato gura da suna ‘agura’ (Obande da Wasu, 2010:183).
5.0 Sakamakon Bincike
Sarkawa mutane ne da suka shahara matuƙa a sha’anin kamun
kifi. Sana’arsu kan sa su yin ƙaura daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan.
Dalili kuwa shi ne duk inda suka fahimci akwai ƙarancin ruwa
sakamakon fari, ko kuwa akwai ƙarancin halittar kifi a cikin ruwa,
sukan yi ƙaura zuwa inda suke ganin akwai wadatarsa. A cikin irin
wannan ƙaurace-ƙaurace nasu, sukan tsallaka har a wasu
ƙasashe
na yammacin Africa, kamar Mali. Wannan ya haifar da yaɗa fasahohin gargajiya
na kayan kamun kifi da dabarun kamun kifi. Wannan ne ya haifar da samuwar kayan
kamun kifi kamar gurar mali da buzun mali.
Sarkawa Hausawa ne
suka yaɗa fasahar saƙa gura ga ƙabilun Nupe da Jukun.
Ƙabilar
Nupe sun koyi amfani da dabarar haƙa gurar mali da buzun
mali daga wajen Sarkawa. Sun kuwa yi haka ne bayan sun yi la’akari da ingancin
waɗannan kayan kamun
kifi wajen biyan buƙatar masunta.
Ba ta fuskar kayan
kamun kifi kawai ba, cuɗanya tsakanin Sarkawa
da waɗannan ƙabilu ta haifar da yaɗuwar waɗansu al’adu da suka
jiɓinci kamun kifi kamar
addu’o’i da gyandi waɗanda a al’adance, sai
da su harkar kamun kifi ke gudana a bahaushiyar al’ada.Waɗansu Nupawa ga misali
sun tasirantu da al’adu na ɗaurin ruwa da tsaraka da kwance ruwa da dai sauransu,
daga wajen Sarkawa Hausawa.
Kammalawa
Sana’ar Sarkanci sana’a ce da take wakana
sosai ƙasar Hausa albarkar ruwa da halittun cikinsa da Allah ya
shimfiɗa ya kuma rayar a ƙasar Hausa. Albarkar
ruwa da ake samu a ƙasar Hausa ya taimaka wajen yawaitar jama’a da tsugunar
da su a cikin ƙasar. Al’ummar ‘Sorko’ wata al’umma ce daga Sanwai da suka
yi hijira zuwa Kabi kuma zuwansu ya daɗa inganta sha’anin kamun kifi a ƙasar Hausa. Sakamakon
yawace-yawacen da Sarkawan kan yi a ciki da wajen ƙasar Hausa ya ƙara buƙasa sha’anin kamun
kifi musamman a tsakanin ƙabilun da Sarkawa kan baƙunta. Wannan muƙala ta tabbatar da
yadda waɗansu kayan aikin
Sarkanci suka sami karɓuwa ga al’ummomin
Nupe da Jukun. Kayayyakin da suka sami karɓuwa su ne gura da gura mali da buzun mali.
Haka ma wannan bincike ta tabbatar da cewa wasu Nufawa sun tasirantu da wasu
al’adu na sarrafa ruwa daga wajen Sarkawa. Waɗannan al’adu sun haɗa da addo’o’i da
gyandi da suka jiɓinci tsaraka da ɗaurin ruwa da
sauransu.
Duk inda aka sami cuɗanya tsakanin
al’ummomi daban-daban, haƙiƙa sai an sami musayar fasaha da aro na kayan aiki
tsakanin al’ummomin. Wannan muƙala ta yi waiwaye ne kawai kan tasirin
da Sarkanci ya yi a kan sana’ar kamun kifi a tsakanin ƙabilu Nupe da Jukun.
Nan gaba, cikin yardar Mai duka, an ƙuduri lalubo irin
tasirin da wasu al’ummomi maƙwabtan Hausawa suka yi a cikin
sha’anin kamun kifi na Hausawa da yake Bahaushe na cewa, ‘akwai ruwa a ƙasa sai in ba a tona
ba’.
Manazarta
Tuntuɓi mai takarda.
[1]
Domin ƙarin bayani kan yadda ake yi
wa kalmomi ɗafe-dafe don sauya ma’anarsu
sai a duba Abubakar, A. (2001) An
Introductory Hausa Morphology. Faculty of Arts, University
of Maiduguri, Nigeria. Shafi na 23 – 27.
[2]
Alhaji Garba Nda, Sarkin Ruwan Yawuri da Agwara ya tabbatar man da cewa Sarkawa
Hausawa suka yi wa gurar mali ƙarin inganci na saka mata zagai da aka tufƙa da zaren siliki da kuma ɗaura a jikin igiya. Wurin su ne Nufawa suka koyi
wannan fasaha.
[3]
Malam Mustafa Yunusa a wata hira da na yi da shi a ƙauyen Kiho kusa ga Ndalada a ƙasar Katcha ta jihar Neja ya
tabbabatar da cewa Nufawa sun koyi saƙa
da kuma amfani da gura wajen kamun kifi da hannun Sarkawa da suka fito daga
Lardin Sakkwato musamman ƙasar
Kabi da Gwandu. An yi wannan hira ne ranar Talata 05/06/2011.
[4]
Wani Banufe, Mustafa Yunusa na ƙauyen Kiho kusa da Ndalada, ƙasar
Katcha ta jihar Neja ya tabbatar mani da cewa haƙiƙa ya amfana da hulɗarsa da Sarkawa domin an taɓa ƙulle
masa ruwa ya yi kimanin sati biyu bai kama ko kwaɗo
ba. A wurin wani Basarke da ya fito daga ƙasar
Kabi ya sami gyandin da ya warware masa wannan matsala. Tun daga wannan lokaci
bai koma fuskantar irin wannan jarabta ba. Ya kuma faɗa cewa ya koyi addu’o’i masu yawan gaske wajen
Sarkawa daban-daban.
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HAUSA: Kuna iya rubuto mana tsokaci ko tambayoyi a ƙasa. Tsokacinku game da abubuwan da muke ɗorawa shi zai tabbatar mana cewa mutane suna amfana da wannan ƙoƙari da muke yi na tattaro muku ɗimbin ilimummuka a wannan kafar intanet.