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Game Da Littafin Waƙoƙin Hausa Na Gargajiya

Gabatarwa

Waƙa dai ba baƙuwar kalma ba ce. Tuni masana da manazarta suka yi caa a kanta wurin gudanar da bincike da rubuce-rubuce iri-iri a matakan ilimi daban-daban. Wannan ba ya rasa nasaba da yadda waƙa ta kasance komai-da-ruwanka ga rayuwar Bahaushe da ma sauran al’ummu duniya gaba ɗaya. Bahaushe na yin cuɗanya da waƙa a kusan dukkanin al’amuransa na yau da kullum. Wannan ya haɗa da siyasa da bukukuwa da wasanni da ilimantarwa da talla, kai har ma da wasu lamurran da suka shafi addini a wasu lokutan.[1] Wannan kuwa ba ya rasa nasaba da yadda waƙa ta kasance mai matuƙar shiga jiki tare da kama zuciya da kuma jan hankali.

Sai dai waƙa ba ta kasance nau’i guda ba kawai. A maimakon haka, akan samu sauye-sauye da kuma sabbin salailai da sigogin waƙoƙi lokaci zuwa lokaci. Tun Bahaushe yana rera waƙoƙinsa da ka, har aka kai lokacin da ya fara rubuta su. Wannan ya faru bayan cuɗanyarsa da baƙin al’ummu musamman Larabawa da Turawa, wanda hakan ya samar masa da ilimin karatu da rubutu. Da tafiya ta yi tafiya kuma, sai zamani ya zo masa da sabon salon amfani da kayan kiɗan zamani domin rera waƙoƙinsa. Irin waɗannan waƙoƙin ne har yau ake kai-komo kan sunan da ya dace a raɗa musu, musamman yadda suka kasance jemage, ba ka ga tsuntsu ba ka ga dabba. Wato dai suna ɗauke da siffofin waƙoƙin baka da kuma na rubutattun waƙoƙi.[2] Koma dai yaya abin yake, dole ne a yarda zamani ne ya zo da wannan tsari na waƙa.

A ɓangare guda kuma, samuwar waƙoƙin zamani na sutudiyo da kuma wasu nau’ukan tasirin zammani a kan waƙoƙin Bahaushe na gargajiya sun daƙusar da su waƙoƙin gargajiyar, wanda har ta kai ga suna ƙoƙarin ɓacewa gaba ɗaya. Wannan ne ya samar da buƙatar yin wani yunƙuri domin tattara muhimman bayanai da za su adana waɗannan nau’ukan waƙoƙi wuri guda domin gujewa salwantarsu. Wato dai ko da an wayi gari babu su a aikace, to kuwa za a ci gaba da tarar da su a rubuce, HAR MADI.

Wannan littafi ya yi ƙoƙarin tattara bayanai dangane da waƙoƙin Bahaushe na gargajiya. An raba littafin zuwa babi-babi har guda takwas. Babi na farko ya kasance gabatarwa ne ga littafin. A cikin babin an waiwaici ra’ayoyin masana dangane da asalin waƙa. Baya ga haka, an kawo amfani ko muhimmancin waƙoƙin na gargajiya. Daga ciki akwai faɗakarwa da ilimantarwa da nishaɗantarwa da koyar da jarumta da talla da kuma addu’ar alkairi da dai sauransu. Sannan kamar yadda Bahaushe ke cewa: “Kowane allazi da nasa amanu…” haka ma waƙoƙin na da naƙasu ko koma baya. Wannan kuwa ya haɗa da amfani da maganganun batsa ga wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin.

Babi na biyu ya mayar da hankali ne kan waƙoƙin wasanni. Wannan wani rukuni ne daga cikin rukunonin waƙoƙin baka. Akan rera waƙoƙi iri-iri yayin gudanar da wasanni daban-daban. Waɗannan waƙoƙi na zuwa da jigogi mabambanta wanda hakan ya danganta da lokaci da wurin wasan, da kuma masu gudanar da wasan da ma dalilin gudanar da shi. A cikin wannan babi na biyu, an kawo misalan wasannin da ke ɗauke da waƙoƙi. Daga ciki har da wasannin yara maza da na yara mata (wasannin gaɗa) da kuma wasannin tashe.

Babi na uku kuwa, ya mayar da hankali ne kan waƙoƙin aikace-aikace. Wannan ya fi shafar mata kai-tsaye. Nau’ukan waƙoƙi ne da mata ke rerawa yayin gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban. Irin waɗannan waƙoƙi na ɗebe musu kewa tare da ƙara musu kuzarin gudanar da aiki. Daga cikin irin ayyukan da akan rera waƙa yayin gudanar da su akwai: Daɓe da saƙa da kitso da daka da kaɗi da dai sauransu.

A cikin babi na huɗu, an kawo waƙoƙin gargajiya da suka shafi aure ko raka amarya. Da ma dai, bukukuwan Bahaushe na cuɗanye da waƙoƙi da kirare-kirare, ciki har da bukin aure. A yayin bukin aure, mata da ‘yanmata na rera waƙe-waƙe, musamman ma lokacin da suke kan hanyar raka amarya ɗakinta. Yawanci jigogin waɗannan waƙoƙi sun fi karkata kan bankwana ga amarya da tunasar da ita babban aikin da ke gabanta na zaman aure tare kuma da rarrashinta. Babin ya kawo jeranton misalai na irin waɗannan waƙoƙi.

Babi na biyar kuwa, ya duƙufa ne wurin kawo misalan waƙoƙin cikin tatsuniya. Tatsuniyoyin Bahaushe sun kasance wani babban bagire da akan samu misalan waƙoƙinsa na gargajiya. Waƙoƙin na da amfani cikin waɗannan tatsuniyoyi ta fuskar fito da jigoginsu da suka haɗa da faɗakarwa da ilimantarwa da jarumta da dai makamantansu. Sannan waƙoƙin sukan kasance ƙarin gishiri ga waɗannan tatsuniyoyi. Babin na biyar ya kawo misalan wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin gargajiya na tatsuniyoyin Bahaushe.

A babi na shida, an kawo misalan waƙoƙin baka ne da suka shafi roƙon ruwa. Wannan ma dai wani rukuni ne na waƙoƙin bakan Bahaushe. Waƙoƙin sun haɗa da caccayya da Halilu da Allah mun tuba da dai makamantansu. A gaba kuwa, wato babi na bakwai, an kawo waƙoƙi ne da suka shafi bara. Bara dai al’ada ce da ta daɗe a ƙasar Hausa. Mabarata na amfani da waƙoƙin yayin gudanar da bararsu. Daga cikin irin waɗannan waƙoƙi akwai Saboda Manzon Allah da Mu Roƙi Allah Sarki  da makamantansu.

Babi na takwas ya kasance na ƙarshe a cikin littafin. Yana ɗauke da bayanai kan siffofin waƙoƙin gargajiya, tamkar dai yadda aka kawo misalan waƙoƙin a babukan da suka gabata. Siffofin kuwa sun haɗa da rashin tafiya da ƙafiya ko ƙarangiya da kasancewarsu ba su buƙatar kayan kiɗa da dai makamantansu.

Dr. Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR

Da

Abu-Ubaida SANI

30-06-2019




[1]Haƙiƙa tarihi ba zai manta da yadda Shehu Usmanu Ɗan Fodiyo tare da jama’arsa suka yi amfani da waƙa wurin faɗakarwa tare da yaɗa addinin Musulunci, musamman a lokacin jahadi.

[2] Akwai masanan da ke ganin ya dace a kira waɗannan waƙoƙi da suna: “Waƙoƙin Baka na Zamani.” Wasu ko na ganin ya dace ne a kira su da: “Waƙoƙin Sutudiyo.” Akwai ma masu ganin ya dace ne a ce da su: “Waƙoƙin Zamani” kaɗai. Har ila yau, akwai masu ganin ya dace ne a kira su da suna: “Ruwa Biyu.”


Game Da Littafin "Waƙoƙin Hausa Na Gargajiya"


ANNOUNCEMENT

We are glad to inform you that the long-awaited crossdisciplinary (culture<>literature) project has been published and cataloged with the National Library. Copies of the book are being sold at a highly subsidized rate. Book details:

DETAILS

Title: Waƙoƙin Hausa Na Gargajiya
Authors: Yakubu Aliyu Gobir & Abu-Ubaida Sani
Page Numbers:  213
Price: #1,500 (only)

OBTAIN A COPY

Contact 1: 

Dr. Y.A. Gobir
Department of Nigerian Languages
Usmanu Danfodiyo Unversity, Sokoto
Call/WhatsApp: 08035605024
Email: yagobir@gmail.com

Contact 2:

Abu-Ubaida Sani
Department of Languages and Cultures
Federal University Gusau, Zamfara
Call/WhatsApp: 08133529736
Email: abuubaidasani5@gmail.com


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