How To Make Up For Missed Salah

𝑸𝑼𝑬𝑺𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵❓

How can the Muslim make up for the Salah (Prayer) he missed, such as the Fajr (Dawn) Prayer? If it is Jahri Salah (Prayer recited audibly), should he perform it as so? Guide us, may Allah bless you!

𝑨𝑵𝑺𝑾𝑬𝑹❗️

If one misses obligatory Salah, he must hasten to perform it as it should be. If it is Jahri, he should perform it as Jahri such as the Fajr (Dawn), ‘Isha' (Night) and Maghrib (Sunset) Prayers. If it is Sirri Salah (Prayer with inaudible recitation), he should perform it as Sirri, such as the Zhuhr (Noon) and ‘Asr (Afternoon) Prayers.

He should perform the Salah he missed as he would at its due time. This is if it was missed out of forgetfulness, sleep, or sickness thinking that it could not be performed while being ill so it is delayed it out of ignorance; hence, he should perform it as due. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) stated: "Whoever forgets a Salah or sleeps and misses it, the only expiation is to offer it when one remembers it.”   (Agreed upon by Imams Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

It is authentically reported that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) and his Sahabah (Companions of the Prophet) in one of their travels overslept at the time of Fajr and nothing waked them except the heat of the sun. When they woke up, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ordered Bilal to pronounce Adhan (call to Prayer) and they performed it (Fajr).  as he did when offering it at its due time.

However, if one abandons it on purpose, then Allah guides him and he repents, he should not make up for it, for abandoning Salah intentionally is a major Kufr. Therefore, if he repents, he should not make up for it, for repentance wipes out the past. If a person repents sincerely for having abandoned Salah, Allah will wipe out his sins and he does not need to make up for missed Salah according to the most preponderant of the scholars' opinions.

It is obligatory to make up for missed Salah, if one misses it out of forgetfulness or ignorance that one should perform it even if one is ill and delays it till one recovers, or if he misses it for being asleep. The one who abandons it intentionally - may Allah protect us against this - thereby commits Kufr. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) stated: “The covenant that stands between us and them is Salah; whoever neglects commits Kufr.” [Related by Al-Imam Ahmad and Ahl-ul-Sunan (authors of Hadith compilations classified by jurisprudential themes) with a Sahih (authentic) Sanad (chain of narrators) on the authority of Buraydah ibn Al-Hasyb Al-Aslamy (رضي الله عنه) He (صلى الله عليه وسلم) also said: "Between a man and Shirk (associating others with Allah in His Divinity or worship) and Kufr there stands his giving up Salah.” [Related by Muslim in his Sahih Book of Hadith, on the authority of Jabir ibn ‘Abdullah (رضي الله عنه)] There are so many Hadith to the same effect.

The conclusion is that if one abandons Salah intentionally, neglecting or denying it one commits Kufr; if one denies it is obligatory, one is Kafir (disbeliever/non-Muslim) according to Ijma’ (consensus of scholars). The scholars agreed unanimously that he who denies that Salah is obligatory commits major Kufr, may Allah grant us safety! However, if one abandons it out of negligence or laziness, one resembles the hypocrites, and this is major Kufr according to the most preponderant view of scholars.

And Allah knows best

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This text is one of the many fatwa (answers to questions based on authentic Islamic provisions) that are made available by Malam Khamis Yusuf. You can follow him on Facebook, Telegram, and WhatsApp.