Tajweedin Qur’ani

    𝐓𝐀𝐌𝐁𝐀𝐘𝐀

    Assalamu Alaikum. Wai wanene ya fara yin Tajweedin Qur’ani? Kuma mutum nawa ne suka yi Tajweedin Qur’ani a bayansa?

    𝐀𝐌��𝐀❗️

    Wa Alaikumus Salaam Wa Rahmatul Laah.

    Ma’anar At-Tajweed a wurin malamai, wani ilimi ne wanda da shi ake sanin yadda ake kyautata karatun Alqur’ani, ta hanyar bai wa kowane harafi daga cikin haruffan Alqur’anin haƙƙinsa da duk abin da ya cancance shi, kamar ta kula da mafitarsa da siffofinsa da hukunce-hukuncensa da sauransu.

    Yin aiki da ƙaidojin At-Tajweed a wurin karatun Alqurani wajibi ne a kan duk mai karatun Alqurani, kamar yadda malamai suka faɗa

    وَالْأَخْذُ بِالتَّجْوِيدِ حَتْمٌ لَازِمٌ * مَنْ لَمْ يُجَوِّدِ الْقُرْآنَ آثِــمٌ

    لِأَنَّــهُ بِــهِ الْإِلَـــهُ أَنْـــــزَلَا * وَهَكَـذَا مِنْهُ إِلَيْنَـا وَصَـلَا

    Kuma yin aiki da Tajweed dole ne lazimi, duk wanda ba ya Tajweedin Qur’ani mai zunubi ne.

    Saboda da shi ne Allaah ya saukar, haka nan daga gare shi zuwa wurinmu da sadaddun isnadai. (Al-Jazariyyah na Al-Imaam Al-Jazariy)

    Dalilai ko Hujjojin da suka nuna wannan wajibcin suna da yawa a cikin Alqur’ani da Hadisi, kamar inda Allaah Ta’aala ya ce

    الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ أُولَئِكَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ

    Wanda muka ba su Littafi suna karanta shi a bisa haƙƙin karatunsa, waɗannan su ne suka yi imani da shi. (Surah Al-Baqarah: 121)

    Daga cikin malaman da suka fassara wannan ayar akwai Sahabi Abdullaah Bn Mas’ud (Radiyal Laahu Anhu) wanda ya ce

    وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، إِنَّ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ : أَنْ يَحِلَّ حَلَالَهُ وَيُحَرِّمَ حَرَامَهُ ، وَيَقْرَأَهُ كَمَا أَنْزَلَهُ اللهُ ، وَلَا يُحَرِّفَ الْكَلِمَ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ ، وَلَا يَتَأَوَّلَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً عَلَى غَيْرِ تَأْوِيلِهِ

    Na rantse da wanda rai na ke a hannunsa! Haƙiƙa, haƙƙin karatunsa shi ne: Ya halatta abin da Alqurani ya halatta kuma ya haramta abin da ya haramta, kuma ya karanta shi kamar yadda Allaah ya saukar da shi, kuma kar ya sauya kalmominsa daga wuraren da aka ajiye su, kuma kar ya fassara wani abu daga cikinsa ba da irin fassararsa ba.

    Karanta shi kamar yadda Allaah ya saukar da shi, shi ne a karanta shi da Tajweed. Wannan kuwa wajibi ne, tun da dai yin hakan yana daga cikin siffar masu imani.

    Kuma Allaah Ta’aala ya ce

    وَرَتِّلِ الْقُرْآنَ تَرْتِيلًا

    Kuma ka jera karatun Alqur’ani daki-daki. (Surah Al-Muzzammil: 4)

    Sannan kuma daga cikin malaman da suka fassara wannan ayar akwai babban Tabi’in nan Al-Hasan Al-Basariy (Rahimahul Laah). Al-Imaam Ibn Jareer At-Tabariy ya riwaito da isnadinsa kyakkyawa daga gare shi, inda ya faɗa a kan ma’anar wannan ayar cewa

    اقرأه قراءة بينة

    Ka karanta shi karatu a fili bayyananne.

    Wannan kuma ba ya samuwa sai ga wanda ya bi ƙaidojin Tajweed a wurin karatunsa. Kuma bin wannan umurnin na Allaah Ubangijin Halittu wajibi ne, kamar yadda yake a asali.

    Yana daga cikin aikin da Tajweed kyautata murya da karatun, kamar yadda Sahabi Al-Baraa’ Bn Azib (Radiyal Laahu Anhu) ya riwaito daga Annabi (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) ya ce

    زَيِّنُوا الْقُرْآنَ بِأَصْوَاتِكُمْ

    Ku ƙawata Alqurani da muryoyinku. (As-Saheehah: 772)

    Kuma Sahabi Abu-Hurairah (Radiyal Laahu Anhu) ya riwaito daga gare shi (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) ya ce

    لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَتَغَنَّ بِالْقُرْآن

    Wanda ba ya kyautata muryarsa da karatun Alqur’ani ba ya tare da mu. (Sahih Al-Bukhaariy: 7527)

    Kuma daga cikin waɗanda suka yi fice da zaƙin murya a wurin karatu tun a zamanin farko akwai sahabi Abu-Musa Al-Ashariy (Radiyal Laahu Anhu), wanda Annabi (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) ya ce masa

    يَا أَبَا مُوسَى ، لَقَدْ أُوتِيتَ مِزْمَاراً مِنْ مَزَامِيرِ آلِ دَاوُدَ

    Abu-Musa, haƙiƙa an ba ka murya mai zaƙin murya irin zaƙin muryar Annabi Daawud (Alaihis Salaam). (Sahih Al-Bukhaariy: 5048; Sahih Muslim: 793)

    Yana daga cikin Tajweed a cikin karatun Alqur’ani a riƙa yin madda (tsawaita murya) a wurarensu. Saboda an tambayi Anas Bn Maalik (Radiyal Laahu Anhu) a kan yadda karatun Annabi (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) ya ke? Sai ya ce

    كَانَتْ مَدّاً. ثُمَّ قَرَأَ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ، يَمُدُّ بِبِسْمِ اللهِ ، وَيَمُدُّ بِالرَّحْمَنِ ، وَيَمُدُّ بِالرّحِيمِ

    Karatunsa ya kasance mai madda (tsawaitawa) ne: Sai kuma ya karanta: Bismil Laahir Rahmaanir Raheem. Sai ya tsawaita: Bismil Laah, kuma ya tsawaita: Ar-Rahmaan, kuma ya tsawaita: Ar-Raheem. (Sahih Al-Bukhaariy: 5046)

    Yana daga cikin kyakkyawan Tajweed a Sunnah a riƙa tsayawa a ƙarshen kowace aya, domin haka Ummu-Salamah (Radiyal Laahu Anhaa) ta siffata karatun Manzon Allaah (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam), cewa

    يَقْطَعُ قِرَاءَتَهُ آيَةً آيَةً

    Yana yanke karatunsa aya-aya. (Sahih At-Tirmiziy: 3/13; 2927)

    Sakamakon mai kyautata karatun Alqur’ani shi ne samun Gidan Aljannah A Lahira. Sahabi Abdullaah Bn Amr (Radiyal Laahu Abhumaa) ya riwaito daga Manzon Allaah (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) cewa:

    يُقَالُ لِصَاحِبِ الْقُرْآنِ : اقْرَأْ وَارْتَقِ وَرَتِّلْ كَمَا كُنْتَ تُرَتِّلُ فِي الدُّنْيَا ، فَإِنَّ مِنْزِلَكَ عِنْدَ أَخِرِ آيَةٍ تَقْرَؤُهَا

    Za a ce wa makarancin Alqur’ani: Karanta ka ƙara hawa, kuma ka kyautata karatun daki-daki kamar yadda kake yi a duniya. Domin masaukinka yana a aya ta ƙarshe ce da kake iya karantawa. (Sahih At-Tirmiziy: 2329)

    Daga waɗannan bayanan a taƙaice ya fito fili cewa

    1. Wanda aka saukar masa da Alqur’ani, watau Manzon Allaah (Sallal Laahu Alaihi Wa Alihi Wa Sallam) shi ne wanda ya fara yin Tajweedin Alqur’ani.

    2. Daga bayansa kuma sai Sahabbansa musamman irin su Abu-Musa Al-Ash’ariy (Radiyal Laahu Anhum). Sai kuma waɗanda suka bi hanyarsu daga cikin Taabi’ai da mabiyansu da kyautatawa har zuwa yau, kuma har zuwa Tashin Ƙiyama.

    Allaah ya datar da mu ga bin hanyarsu har zuwa ƙarshenmu.

    WALLAHU A'ALAM

    Sheikh Muhammad Abdullaah Assalafiy

    Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Alkur'ani Da Sunnah.

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