Takardar ƙara wa juna sani da aka gabatar a ajin ALH 400: Seminars, a Sashen Nazarin Harsuna Da Al’adu, Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, Nijeriya, (2022/2023 Academic Session).
Ba ta Mutu Ba Ta Balgace:
Nazari A Kan Kayan Maye A Garin Gusau.
Na
Abdulrahman Yushau
Phone Number:
08148018025
Gmail: aabdulalkali@gmail.com
Tsakure
Wannan aiki ya
mayar da hankali ne, a kan kayan maye masu bugarwa da dangoginsu. Haka kuma zai
ba da muhimmanci ƙwarai a kan irin illolinsu ga matasa, tare
kalato takaitaccen muƙaddashin a bin da
ke haifar da shaye-shayen tare da binciko hanyoyin da suke bi kafin mallakar
kayan mayen. An ɗora aikin a kan
fahimtar Hausawa da suka ce ‘Allah ya waddaran naka ya lalace” A yayin gudanar
da wannan aiki, an yi amfani da gani da ido wato tushe na farko(primary source),
sai kuma hanyoyin tattara bayanai da suka haɗa da:Ta hanyar hira
(interview), majiya ta biyu (secondary source). Wannan binciken ya gano cewa
matasa ba haka kawai suke faɗawa amfani da kayan maye ba, sai dan
waɗannan dalilan kamar
haka; rashin mafaɗi, son zuciya, ƙuncin
rayuwa, da harkokin siyasa, da kuma ta’adanci. sukan samu
matsala ne ta faɗawa tu’ammali da
kayan maye musamman idan suka rasa iyayensu. Wannan aiki ya tabbatar da cewa
duk waɗannan matsalolin
amfani da kayan mayen ana samun su ne sakamakon yawan rashin aikin yi ga matasa
da kuma bangar siyasa.
Fitattun Kalmomi; kayan Maye,Garin
Gusau.
1.0 Gabatarwa.
Tabbas maye babban
lamari ne da yake ci wa duniya tuwo a ƙwarya ta ɓata tarbiya da
haddasa harkar ta’addanci da rusa ci gaban yankunan da ya samu rinjaye.
Shaye-shayen ba zai yi kansa da kansa ba har sai da abin shan wato kayan mayen.
Abin tambaya a nan
shi ne, (¡) ta yaya ake samar da kayan maye a garin Gusau (¡¡) mene ne gurin
masu samar da kayan mayen a kan al’umma (¡¡¡) wake hanya ce za a bi domin ganin
kayan maye sun daina tasiri ga al’umma. Yana daga cikin manufar wannan binciken
zai yi kokari wajen bin diddiƙin samo amsar wadannan tambayoyin.
Makasudi wannan
bincike shi ne (¡) zaƙulo tasirin da kayan maye suka yi da kuma karfin yaɗuwar da kayan ke
samu a garin Gusau (¡¡) Gano ire-iren sababbin kayan maye da ake samu da kuma
ta hanyar da ake tallata wa al’umma su.
Kadadar wannan
bincike ta tsaya ne kurum a iya garin Gusau, a inda ta tsaida ganin ta a kayan
maye.
1.1 Dubarun Gudanar
Da Bincike
Domin gwangwaje
wannan aiki da inganta shi an yi amfani da hanyoyi mabambanta kamar haka
i.
Gani
da ido; An yi amfani da wannan hanya ta gani inda aka ziyarci daba-daba
(jungle) domin ganin yadda suke yin shaye-shayen da sanin lokacin da suka fi
shaye-shayen da kuma yana yin da suke kasancewa a lokacin da abin shaye-shayen
ya fara aiki a jikinsu, tare da duba nau’o’in kayan mayen, shin na hayaƙi,
ko ƙwaya ce, ko na ruwa ne da sauransu.
ii.
Ta
hanyar hira (interview); Wannan aiki ya samu hira (interview) da ma’abota
shaye-shayen domin sanin ta yadda suke mallakar kayan mayen, abin da ya yi
sanadiyar jefa su wannan halin na maye.
iii.
Majiya
ta biyu (secondary source); haka kuma wannan aiki ya samu tattauna da
makusantan masu wannan dabi’a ta shaye-shaye domin sanin gwagwarmayar da suka
yi da su domin su ga sun bar wannan dabi’a da kuma kalar hanyoyin da suke dan
ganin mayen ba su zuwa gare su.
iv.
Bitar
ayyuka masu alaƙa da wannan aiki. Wannan aiki ya dubi ayyuka masu alaƙa
ta kusa da shi domin sanin makama.
v.
Daga
ciki kuma aikin ya fitar da wasu daga cikin hanyoyin da za a iya bi domin shawo
kan matsalar ta hanyar ganin kayan maye sun daina yaɗuwa a garin Gusau,
da kuma dakatar da wasu matasan daga faɗawa wannan dabi’a.
1.2 Ra’in Bincike
An wannan bincike a
kan ra’in karin magana na Hausa da suka ce “Allah ya waddaran naka ya lalace”
Wannan ra’in ƙarara
yana
2.0 Waiwaye A kan
Ma’anar Maye
Kayan maye na nufin
dukkan wani abu da ya ke tasiri a hankalin mutum, ta yadda zai iya fitar da
mutum daga hayyacinsa na asali ya daina fahimtar abin da ke kewaye da shi. Idan
mutum ya ɗaure da amfani da
wannan abu sai ya zama Dan Marisa, ya zama ba zai taɓa samun jin dadi ko
sukuni ba, har sai ya sha wannan abin mayen.
Masana sun fitar da
ra’ayoyin su mabambanta dangane maye ko kayan maye. Maye ko shaye-shaye na
nufin amfani da wasu sinadarai don manufar haifar da tasiri mai daɗi akan ƙwaƙwalwa.
Akwai mutane sama da miliyan 190 masu amfani da muggan kwayoyi a duniya kuma
matsalar tana karuwa cikin firgici, musamman a tsakanin matasa ‘yan
kasa da shekaru 30. Dr. A. Mandel (2023).
2.1 Waiwaye A kan
Garin Gusau
Garin Gusau gari ne
da aka kafa shi tun a shekarar 1811 kimanin shekara 212 da suka gabata bayan
tasowar garin daga ‘Yandoto a shekarar 1806. Garin Gusau yana daya daga cikin
manyan garuruwan tsohuwar Jihar Sakkwato kafin daga bisani ya zama babban
birnin Jihar Zamfara a shekarar 1996. Kamar yadda kundin tarihin kasa na 1920
ya nuna, garin yana kan titin Sakkwato zuwa Zariya ne kimanin kilomita 179,
kilomita 210 tsakaninsa da Sakkwato. Daga gabas garin Gusau ya yi iyaka da
Jihar Katsina da ta Kwatarkwashi daga arewa kuma ya yi iyaka da garin Ƙaura
a yayin da ya yi wata iyakar da garin Bungudu daga yamma a bangaren kudu kuma
ya yi iyaka da Ɗansadau da kuma Tsafe.
3.0 Nazarin
Hanyoyin Shigowa Da Kayan Maye A Garin Gusau
Ba za a yi musu ba,
idan aka ce tu’ammuli da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana taka
rawa ta musamman a harkar ta’addanci da miyagun
laifuka da mahaukata da maula da bangar siyasa da sauransu. Akwai ɓarɓashin gaskiya a
maganar Hausawa da suka ce “sai bango ya tsaje”, wato hanyoyin da ake bi dan
ganin an shigo da kayan maye sune tsajewar bangonmu dan idan masu sha ba su
gani ba, ba za su sha ba. Daga cikin hanyoyin da binciken ya gano, ta hanyar
zantawa da masu ruwa da tsaki ga harkar su ne;
1) Ta ɓaurauniyar hanya:
wato ɓaurauniyar wata
hanya ce wadda take daga ɓangaren kudu ta
inda Gusau ta yi iyaka da Ɗansadau ita wannan hanya idan ka miƙeta
daga Gusau tana iya kai ka jihar Naija kuma tana iya sadaka da Birnin Gwari ita
dai wannan hanyar, a wannan hanya ana shigowa da kayan maye ta babura da kuma
mota ba tare an yi masu sakaye ba, kamar yadda aka saba a manyan hanyoyi.
2) Ta hanyar manyan motoci:
ana shigowa da kayan maye ta cikin manyan motoci, ta cikin tankin suna rizab.
3) Ta hanyar goro: Ana
shigowa da kayan ta cikin ƙunshin goro.
4) Ta hanyar mashin
roba-roba: ana shigowa da kayan maye ta cikin siddin mashin wato shinfiɗar zaman.
Wadannan hanyoyi ne
da ake shigowa kayan maye a garin Gusau. Sai kuma hanyoyin da ake rarraba su a
cikin gari, su ma ga su kamar haka;
1) Ta fuskar bara:
masu raba kayan suna yin shiga kamar mabarata a kan hanya wajen raba kayan maye
a cikin gari.
2) Ta fuskar
mahaukata: wannan wata fuska ce da ake amfani wajen raba kayan maye a cikin
gari. Inda idan mai saye ya zo suka gane kwastoma ne sai mahaukacin ya tsokane
shi, shi kuma sai mahaukacin ya yar da abin da wancan saye sai ya gudu, shi
kuma sai ya ɗauka.
3) Ta fuskar
kabu-kabu: suna rarraba kayan maye da suffar kabu-kabu.
4) A daba: ana raba
kaya a mazaunin da ake shan su wato jangul.
3.1 Sunayen Wasu
Tsofaffi da Sababbin Kayan Maye
Akwai kayan maye waɗanda tun da daɗewa ana amfani da
su, akwai kuma waɗanda daga baya-baya
nan ne suka bayyana. Su dai tsofaffin kayan mayen wasu daga cikin masu amfani
da su, suna gajiya da su ne, shi ya sa suke fara neman sababbi wasu kuma sun
daina yi masu aiki yadda suke yi ada da dai sauran dalilai ire-iren wadannan. A
wannan binciken za a kasa ko za raba kayan mayen zuwa nau’in yadda ake shan su.
I.
Kayan
maye na ruwa
1) Kodin
2) Totalin
3) Kof M
4) ‘Yan zolin
5) Bona
6) Jiya
7) Kodalin
8) Izzifilon
9) Ngc
10) Asad
11) Takardar jarida
12) Kan ashana
13) Kashin jaki
14) ‘yan ‘yan darbejiya
15) Kashin ƙadangare
II.
Kayan
maye na hayaƙi
1) Marijiwana
2) Buƙi
3) Wiwi
4) Arizona
5) Lohi
6) Doha
7) Sk
8) Garin bulet
9) Buƙi
10) Laud
11) Karas
12) Indian-hemp
13) Ganja
14) Suton
15) Daga
16) Kaifu
17) Giras
18) Bahanij
19) Karas
20) Hashis
III.
Kayan
maye na ƙwaya
1) Refanol
2) Fari
3) Roki
4) Tiramol
5) Suwafa
6) Diyaza
IV.
Kayan
maye na shaƙawa
1) Shalisho
2) Kwata
3) Fetur
4) Cinnaka
5) Hajiya Jamila
6) Hajiya Aisha
7) Hajiya Halima
8) Hajiya Binta
9) Bullet
10) Ak47
11) Mai bindiga
12) Salma
13) Mai inyass
14) Danmilla
15) Madarar sukudai
V.
Kayan
maye na kuskura
1) Kuskura
3.2 Hanyoyin
Magance Wannan Matsalar Ta Shigowar Kayan Maye da Amfani da Su
A. Jami’an Tsaro;
hukumar hana safara da shan miyagun ƙwayoyi ta kara
inganta aikinta da kayan zamani.
B. Uwaye; da yawan
wasu uwayen ba su san sana’ar da ɗiyan su ke yi ba, kuma ba su damu da su
sani ba. Saka idon iyaye a cikin al’amuran ɗiyan su zai taimaka kwarai, dan duk masu
yin waɗannan abubuwa
haihuwar su aka yi.
C. Malamai; su kara
yawaita wa’azi da nuna illolin safara da shan miyagun kwayoyi tare bayyanar
sakayyar dake tattare da hakan.
D. Hukumomi
4.0 Sakamakon
Bincike
Sakamakon wannan
binciken ya yi dai-dai da makasudin binciken, tun daga taken binciken za a ga
cewa aikin ya mayar da hankali ga kayan maye yadda ake shigowa da su da kuma
yadda ake raba su a cikin gari da kuma sunayen kayan mayen. A nan za a iya cewa
aikin ya yi nasara, domin kuwa aikin ya gano wasu daga cikin hanyoyin sirri da
ake shigowa da kayan maye. Wanda a dalilin hakan ake samun faruwar waɗannan abubuwa kamar
haka;
Ta’adanci
Sace-sace
Bangar siyasa
Lalaci da ganin
laifi
Daƙushewar
al’umma
Su dai waɗannan matsalolin da
aka kawo a sama waɗanda ke faruwa a
sakamakon shigo da kayan maye, suna haifar wa da al’umma waɗannan illoli kamar
haka;
Rashin ilimi
Rashin tarbiya
Rashin aikin yi
Rashin dogaro da
kai
Rashin tunani mai
kyau
Wannan abu duka ana
samun shi ga mutunen da ke wannan harka ta shan kayan maye, wasun su da dama
kafin fara wannan harka mutane ne masu natsuwa, amma bayan shigar su wannan
harka ta mai da su tamkar leda idan ana iska.
4.1 Kammalawa
A cikin bayanan da
suka gabata na wannan aiki, an yi ƙoƙarin
fitowa da ma’anar kayan maye da tasirinsa. Haka kuma an
yi gajeran sharhi dangane da garin Gusau, duk a cikin muƙalar
an kawo hanyoyin sirri waɗanda ake bi domin
shigowa da kayan maye. Bayan wannan kuma, an yi ƙoƙarin
fito da hanyoyin da ake bi don rarraba kayan a cikin gari, sannan kuma an kawo
sunaye da dama na kayan maye mabambanta. A cikin wannan aiki da aka gabatar za
a ga cewar, kura-kuran da ake samu a cikin hukumomi yana daga abin da ya kamata
mahukunta su ɗauki mataki sosai,
su ga an gyara su, domin ta hanyar kiyayewar su ne za su samu damar isasshen
tsoron da zai daƙale wannan mummunar sana’a cikin sauƙi
kamar yadda wannan muƙalar ta yi bayani.
Manazarta
https://drmaigidakachako.blogspot.com/2013/04/kayan-sa-maye-na-gargajiya.html?m=1
https://aminiya.ng/sata-muke-yi-da-karuwanci-mu-samu-kudin-shaye-shaye-a-sabon-gari/
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Division
of Research, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20857
Weech, A.A. The narcotic addict and “the street.” Archives of General. Psychiatry, 14:299-306, 1966.
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HAUSA: Kuna iya rubuto mana tsokaci ko tambayoyi a ƙasa. Tsokacinku game da abubuwan da muke ɗorawa shi zai tabbatar mana cewa mutane suna amfana da wannan ƙoƙari da muke yi na tattaro muku ɗimbin ilimummuka a wannan kafar intanet.