Takardar ƙara wa juna sani da aka gabatar a ajin ALH 400: Seminars, a Sashen Nazarin Harsuna Da Al’adu, Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, Nijeriya, (2022/2023 Academic Session).
Hausar
Masu Sana’ar Tuggu
Na
SA’ADU
ISAH
G.S.M:
08065223927
Email: isasa’adau92@gmail.com
Tsakure
Sana’a dai aka ce,
“sa’a” bisa ga muhimmancin sana’a ga rayuwar Bahaushe, da bai yarda da zaman
hannu Rabbana ba, ko zaman kashe wando ba ne. Ya sa
wannan takardar, ta himmatu ga bibiyar kadin sana’ar tuggu ga Bahaushe. Domin
rarrabewa tsakanin ɗan duma da kabewa, aka dubi sana’ar ita kanta ta tuggu,
da yadda ‘yan tuggun, suke sarrafa harshen Hausa, a cikin sana’ar, da ake fatan
takardar, za ta zamo ƙari wanda ya fi ƙara, ko kuma ta cike giɓi a fagen ilimi.
1.0 Gabatarwa
Sana’ar tuggu (Saye da sayar war dabbobi),
sana’a ce daga cikin sana’o’in gargajiyar Hausawa, da ta ke cikin kashin biyar
na sana’o’in Hausawa, da ake nemo abinci kaitsaye a cikinta kamar yadda masana
suka ambata, Alhassan, (1984) da Zurmi, (2010: 44).
A cikin sana’o’in gargajiya na Hauswa,
kowace daga cikinsu, tana ƙunshe da wani tsarin da ake aiwatar
da ita, na muhalli da sarrafa harse, da a ciki ne ake samun Hausar ɓangarorin ma su
aiwatar da sana’o’in, da a nan ne batun Hausar masu sana’ar tuggu ta taso.
Wanan ne batun dubawar muƙalar, da ake fatar ta cike giɓin da ke akwai, ko
kuma ta zamo ƙari, wanda aka ce, “ya fi ƙara”,
a cikin fagen ilimi.
2.0 Dabarun Bincike
A wannan bincike, an yi amfani da tsurar bayanai (qualitative form of research),
haka ma an yi amfani da babbar hanyar tattara bayanai daga tushe na farko
(primary souces), da kuma hanyar tattara bayanai daga majiya ta biyu (secondary
souces), inda aka yi bita tare da nazartar ayukkan magabata, musamman
bubbugaggun littattafai, da kundayen digiri na farko, da kuma muƙalu.
2.1 Bitar
Ma’anar Sana’a
Abbas M.H (2021) “Sana’ar tuggu a Kasar Maru” Kundin Digirin farko Jami’ar
Tarayya Gusau,
Ƙamusun Hausa,
(C.N.H.N, 2006: 387), an bayyana, “Sana’a da aikin da mutun ya ke yi domin dogaro
da kai da kuma samun abinci.” Amma a wurin Garba, (1991: 1) cikin Kundin Digirin
farko mai taken Sana’ar Tuggu a Kasara Maru ya ce, “Sana’a ita ce ginshiƙin
rayuwa da tattalin arzikin yau da kullum na Hausawa, tare da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin
muhaimmai, kuma manyan gano martabar mutum da ƙasaitarsa, da
matsayinsa a cikin al’umma.” Yayinda shi kuwa
Durumin Iya, (2006) Duk a cikin Kundin Digirin farko mai taken Sana’ar Tuggu a
Kasar Maru ya ce, “Sana’a wata hanyace da ɗan’Adam kan ta’allaƙa
kansa domin samun abin masarufi da ya shafi, sha’anin kasuwanci,
wato sha’ani na saye da sayarwa.”
2.2 Ma’anar Tuggu
Bargery, (1934), a cikin Kundin Digirin
Farko mai taken Sana’ar tuggu a Kasar Maru Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau ya ambata,
“Tuggu shi ne saye da sayarwa ne na bayi da dabbobi.” Sai dai a wurin Ummaru,
(2022) duk a cikin a cikin Kundin Digirin Farko ya ce, “Tuggu sana’a ce ta saye
da sayarwar dabbobi na gida da tsuntsaye.” Amma a wurin Ibrahim, (2023) yana
ganin, “Tuggu sana’a ce da ake aiwatarwa a tsaye, ta hanyar saye da sayarwa na
dabbobi, kuma dabbobin na gida da ake kiwo, da ake aiwatarwa cikin kasuwar
dabbobi (k{r|a ta dabbobi).”
2.2.1 Ire-iren Tuggu
Sana’ar tuggun dabbobi ta kasu biyu kamar
haka: (i) Tuggun Ƙanann Dabbobi. (ii) Tuggun Manyan Dabbobi.
i-Tuggun Ƙanannan Dabbobi:-
Shi ne saye da sayarwar ƙananan dabbobi, da galibi ake samun wani mutun ya
killace wuri, da ake cewa dangali, ya ɗaura ‘yaggiya mai tsawo, duk mai ƙaramar
dabba, ya kawo zai amsa ya ɗaure a dangalinsa, da nufin tallatawa ga maisaye, yana
a matsayin tsakanin mai dabbar da wanda ya zo saye, a wannan muhalin a kan samu
shi dillali da yaransa. Misalin Dabbobin da ake sayarwa a wannan tuggun:
Tumaki, da Raguna, da Awaki, da Bunsurai.
ii- Tuggun Manyan Dabbobi:- Shi ne saye da
sayar da manyan dabbobin da ake kiwatawa cikin gida, in aka tashi sayar wa sai
a samu jagoran dangali tare da yaransa, a cikin da’irarsa an kafa manyan
turakun ɗaure dabbobi, a ba shi
talla, duk mai saya ya zo da shi zai cinaki, in ya fahimci dabbar ta sayu, sai
ya bayar da shawara ga mai ita in ya sallama, sai a amshi kuɗin dabbar, in kuma
bai sallama ba, ƙari yake nema in Allah Ya yi abin da mai saye na farko
shikenan, in kuma ya fita ga cinakin wani ya shigo, haka dai za a yi, har
cikani ya faɗi. Abiya dabbar,
mai saye ya biya kuɗin dabba da la’ada,
kana wanda aka sayar wa da dabbar, ya biya ladan talla ga dillali da ya shiga
tsakani ya zuwa faɗuwar cinakin dabbar.
Misalin Manyan dabbobi sune kamar haka: Raƙumma, da Shanu, da
Dawaki, da Jakai. Da sauransu
2.3 Matallafa Sana’ar Tuggu
Matallafa gudanar da sana’ar tuggu su ne
kayayyaki da ake amfani da su wurin aiwatar da sana’ar, su ne kamar haka:
a-Yaggiya ko Yaggwai b-Kuɗi c-Abincin Dabbobi
e-Baho
f-Dabaibaya da
Gindi g-Bel dogo h-Falen iggiyar kora i-Ruwa
j-Takunkumi, k- Dangwali.D.S
2.4 Muhimmancin Sana’ar Tuggu
Binciken ya nuna sana’ar tuggu na da matuƙar
muhimmanci, kamar haka:
i-Sana’ar
tuggu sana’ace ta dogaro dakai.
ii-Sana’ar tuggu na
taimaka wa gwamnatoci wurin samar da kuɗin shiga. iii-Sana’ar tuggu na taimaka wa sana’ar
fawa wurin, sawo dabbobin da ake yankawa a mahauta.
iv-Sana’ar tuggu na taimaka wa sana’ar Jima
wurin samar da fatun da dabbobin da ake jemewa. v- Sana’ara tuggu na taimaka wa
sana’ar dukanci. Domin sai an sayi dabba an yanka ta kana masu jima su saye
fatu su jeme, kana dukawa su kuma su sayi jemammar fatar su gudanar da ta su
sana’ar.
3.0 Ma’anar Harshe
Tijjani M.S (2012:4) A cikin Littafinsa mai
suna Sakace akan Karin Harshen Hausa, Fagge (1987) Ya bayyana cewa, Harshe
hanya ce ta sadarwa wadda ake amfani da sauti bisa tsari na wasu dokoki.
Yakasai S.A (2020:3) A cikn Littafinsa mai
suna Jagoran Ilimin walwarar Harshe, Ya bayyana cewa, Harshe wata hanya ce ta
bayyana kai da kuma hulda tsakanin Mutane wadda Dabbobi basu da irinta.
3.1 Ma’anar
Karin Harshe
Tijjani M.S (2012:5) A cikin Littafinsa mai suna Sakace akan Karin
Harshen Hausa, Zaruk da wasu (1990) Sun bayyana cewa, Karin Harshe wasu yan
ban-bance ban-bance ne na lafazi da na Kalmomi da Jimloli tsakanin rukunin
Al’umma ko shiyoyin Kasa mai Harshe daya
3.2 Hausar Masu Sana’ar Tuggu
A nan za a dubi
yadda ‘yan tuggu suke sarrafa harshen Hausa ta kalmomi da ma’noninsu, da kuma
yadda ‘yan tuggun suke sarrafa harshen Hausa, ta ɓangaren jumloli da ma’anoninsu,
kamar haka:
3.2.1 Kalmomin ‘Yan Tuggu da Ma’anoninsu
Lambobi |
Kalmomin ‘Yan Tuggu |
Ma’anonin Kalmomin |
1 |
Goga |
Taya
dabba tare da sallama wa |
2 |
Kasgaya |
Matashiya
akuya |
3 |
Burguma |
Budurwar
akuya mai ɗauke da juna biyu
|
4 |
Alhaji |
Farin
sa tas |
5 |
Batala |
Ƙosassar tunkiya |
6 |
Juya |
Tunkiya
ko Akuya Ko Saniyar da ba ta haihuwa ta yi sosai |
7 |
Guzuma |
Tsohuwar
shanuwa kuma mai yunwa |
8 |
Uda |
Dabba
mai ratsin fari da baƙi |
9 |
Dungu |
Kuɗɗi naira dubu goma
katse |
10 |
Jaka |
Naira
ɗari biyu |
11 |
Dangali |
Wurin
da ake ɗaure dabbobi a
kasuwar kar |
12 |
Garke |
Nau’in
dabbobi masu yawa, ko kuma wurin da ake ɗaure dabbobin |
13 |
Falke |
Mai
sayen dabbobi domin ya sayar ya samu riba |
14 |
Dillali |
Wanda ke shiga
tsakanin mai dabbar da ya kawo kasuwa da kuma mai sayen dabbar |
15 |
Ɗauri
|
Naira
dubu goma ƙirgaggi |
16 |
Fammetin |
Naira
dubu ɗari uku cas |
17 |
Danga |
Keɓaɓɓe ko killataccen
wurin da ake ajiye dabbobi a cikin kasuwar kara, da ake kulawa da su. |
18 |
Jargwali |
Shedar da makiya
suke yi wa dabbo, ko yi dabbab wuta ko kuma tsaga kunnen dabba |
19 |
Zari ko Asurka |
‘Yaggiyar
da ake hude hancinsa mai faɗa ana sa mashi |
20 |
Gindi |
‘Yaggiya ce da
ake ɗaurawa ga ƙafafu
biyu na gaba ga sa ko nagge in an
kawota kasuwar kara wurin sayarwa |
21 |
Dabaibaya |
‘Yaggiya ce da
ake ɗaurawa ga ƙafafu
biyu na gaba jaki ko raƙumi ko doki in an kawo shi kasuwar kara
sayarwa |
22 |
Nocewa |
Wata ‘yaggiya ce
da ake ɗauro wa nagge ko
sa a wuya sai alaƙamota ga ƙafa ta gaba ɗaya, in a ka samu
dabba na da faɗa a wurin sayarwa
a kasuwar kara |
23 |
Yaro |
Wanda
aka kawo wurin Dillali ko falke a dangalin dilalli ko dangar falke, domin ya
koyi sana’ar tuggu |
24 |
Nà hùráa |
Kyautatawar
da dillalai ke yi wa yara masu kawo dabbobi a wurinsu |
25 |
Kame |
Falake ne da
yaransa ke taro dabba kafin a shigo kasuwar kara domin ya saye bayan an
hannunta dabbar ga dillali |
26 |
Dame |
Ruwa
na musamman da ake ba dabba |
27 |
Ɗure
|
Maganin
da ake girgizawa akwalba a ɗurawa dabba |
28 |
Bama |
Yi
wa wani cuwa-cuwa |
29 |
Buzurwa |
Tunkiya
ko Akuya mai gashi tukus a gefen cinya |
30 |
Ɓale
|
Akuya
ko Tunkiya ko Saniya baƙa ƙirin |
31 |
Duna |
Jaki
ko sa ko bunsuru baƙi ƙirin |
32 |
Abadan |
Bunsuru
mai manyan kunnuwa |
33 |
Komi |
Wurin
zuba wa dabbobi abinci mai zurfi |
34 |
Sule-sule |
Sa
mai fari da baƙi |
35 |
Kargo |
Jan
sa ne ake cewa haka |
3.2.2 Jumlolin ‘Yan Tuggu da Ma’anoninsu
Lambobi |
Jumloli ‘Yan Tuggu |
Ma’anonin Jumlolin ‘Yan Tuggu |
1 |
Farte
ne |
Mai
kuɗɗi ne |
2 |
Ta je
kokuwa ne |
An yanka
dabbar ne wato ta kasa kenan |
3 |
Ya yi
man tsurku |
Ya ɓata man ciniki |
4 |
Za mu
je riga |
Za
mu je cikin gari sayen dabba |
5 |
Kasuwa
ta yi ambazo |
Dabbobi
sun yi tsada a kasuwa |
6 |
Kar
a yi muna nudu |
A
hargitsa cinakin |
7 |
Ana
yi ne |
Ana
kan cinikin dabba |
8 |
Nawa
za ka sara ? |
Cinaki
da baƙauye |
9 |
An
ciyo riga |
An ƙwari
mai saye kenan |
10 |
Ya
biyo sama |
An
sa yi akuya an sallama ba kuɗɗi |
4.0 Sakamako Bicike
Sakamakon da aka samu a wannan bincike shi ne
kamar haka:
a- an gano ‘yan tuggu
wato masu sana’ar dabbobi, suna da harshen da suke amfani da shi domin ɓadda bami.
b- an gano ‘yan tuggu ɓangarori uku ne,
(i) masu tuggun ƙanan dabbobi wato awaki, da tumki, da raaguna, da
bunsurai (ii) masu tuggun shanu (iii) masu tuggun jakai, da raumai, da dawaki.
c- an gano ɗan tuggu shi ne
msanin ƙuɗin dabba in za a
sayar da ita, kuma shi ne ke shiga tsakanin mai sayen dabba da kuma mai dabbar
a wurin cinikin dabbar.
d-
an
gano wanda ke sawo dabbobi daga wata kasuwar kara ya zuwa wata kasuwar karar
domin ya sayar ya samu riba, sunansa falke.
e- kazalika an gano
sana’ar tuggu ta wata fuskar ta goya wasu sana’o’in gargajiya, kamar sana’ar
fawa da jima, dukanci.
4.1 Kammalawa
Wannan takarda,
an gudanar da binciken ta ne, ta yin amfani da tsurar bayanai, da kuma yin amfani
da babbar hanyar tattara bayanai, daga tushe na farko, da kuma hanyar tattara
bayanai daga majiya, sai daɗin daɗawa, bin hanyar nazarin ayukkan
magabata, musamman bubbugaggun littattafai, da kundayen digiri na farko, da
kuma muƙalu, duka dai, domin a sami ganin an cimma gacin, muƙalar ta share fage, ko
kuma ta cike giɓin da ke akwai fagen ilimi.
Manzarta
Abbas, M.H. (2021).
“Sana’ar Tuggu a Ƙasar Maru” Kundin Digirin Farko a Jami’ar Tarayya, Gusau.
Tijjani M.S (2012
)”Sakace a kan Karin Harshen Hausa, Typeset and Published ABSUR Comprint F.C.E
Kano.
Yakasai S.A (2020)
“ Jagoran Ilimin Walwarar Harshe” Printed by Amal Printing Press Limited.
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