Takardar ƙara wa juna sani da aka gabatar a ajin ALH 400: Seminars, a Sashen Nazarin Harsuna Da Al’adu, Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, Nijeriya, (2022/2023 Academic Session).
Yunwa Na Nan: Birgima Tsakanin Harshe, Adabi Da Kuma
Al'ada
SUNA: Muhammad Shayau
LAMBAR WAYA: +2348167271109
ƘIBƊAU: shayau2004@gmail.com
Tsakure
Wannan muƙala na bayyana
yadda samarin da ‘yan mata da matasan garin Gusau, ke amfani da wata sabuwar kalma da suka ƙirƙira wajen nuni ko
ishara zuwa ga shuwagabanni da masu hannu da shuni, game da halin da al'ummar
garin ta tsinci kanta na yunwa da ƙangin talauci.
Fitilun Kalmomi
● Yunwa:- A
mahangar ilimi da mu'amala, yunwa na nufin wani yanayi da mutum yake da rauni a
zahiri, ta sanadiyyar rashin abin masarufi a hannunsa, da rashin samun abin da
zai ci domin ya rayu. Ita kalmar yunwa ba kawai tana nufin buƙatuwar abinci ba
kamar yadda kowane mutum ya sani, har ila yau tana bayanin kwaɗayi ko muradin abinci. Matakin yunwa na ƙarshe shi ne
matsanancin da ke haifar da yaɗuwar rashin sinadarai da abinci ke ɗauke da su a jikin ɗan Adam wanda a sanadiyyar
hakan ake mutuwa.
● Matasa:- Matasa
gungu ne ko dandazon wasu mutane da shekarunsu ba su gaza 20 zuwa 25 ba.
Yawanci shekarun sukan fara ne daga 15 zuwa 20, 25 har zuwa 30 kuma jinsi ne na
maza (lafiyayyunsu da marasa lafiyarsu).
● ‘Yan mata:- ‘Yan mata su ma
kamar matasa ne amma a tsara, jinsinsu mata ne zalla ba najimi haka kuma, masu ƙananan shekaru waɗanda ba su yi aure ba. Shekarunsu na fara daga 15,
17, har zuwa 25.
● Gusau:- Garin
Gusau gari ne da ke Arewa maso yammacin Najeriya kuma, shi ne babban birnin
jihar Zamfara. Garin Gusau yana da faɗin ƙafa 3,364Km da kuma jama'ar da yawansu ya kai kimanin mutum 383,562.
● Shuwagabanni:-
Shuwagabanni waɗansu mutane ne ‘yan tsiraru da a
kan zaɓa ko jagorantarwa don cika
muradin al'ummar da suka zaɓe su ko suka shugabantar da su, don tabbatar musu da doka da tsari bisa
shugabanci na adalci.
1.1
Dalilin Bincike
Kowane bincike da
aka gudanar ko ake gudanarwa na ilimi ko na wani abu a duniya, to lallai za a
samu yana da dalilin gudanar da ya haifar da gudanar da shi. Hakan take a
wannan binciken da aka gudanar, shi ma yana ɗauke da dalilan da suka sa aka gudanar da shi kamar haka:-
- Domin gano dalilin samuwar jimlar “yunwa na nan” da gano alfanu ko
tasirin samuwarta a cikin al’umma.
- Domin feɗe kalmar da kuma gano ma’anarta ta asali da dalilin ƙirƙirarta.
- Domin nuna irin tasirin da ta yi akan ‘yan siyasa da masu hannu da shuni da ma al'umma
gaba ɗaya.
1.2
Manufar Bincike
Wannan bincike da
aka gudanar yana da wata manufa ta musamman ga ‘yan siyasa da mawadata da kuma
sauran al'umma kan halin da mutanen garin Gusau suka tsinci kansu na yunwa da
talauci. Haka kuma, don ƙara fito da ma’anar jumlar da zaƙulo fassararta ta asali saɓanin yadda wasu mutane ke kallon ta da wata manufa ta daban. Yin sharhi
na gaba ɗaya da kuma tsefe jumlar don
kawo ma’anar abin da take nufi a fili.
1.3
Maƙasudin Bincike
Maƙasudin wannan
bincike shi ne nuna wa duniya illar da yunwa take da ita da kuma tasirin ƙirƙira da muryar
matasa a cikin al’umma. Sannan kuma yin hannunka mai sanda ga ‘yan siyasa da masu
hannu da shuni akan mutanen da amanarsu take hannunsu.
1.4
Tambayoyin Bincike
●
“Yunwa na nan”
ƙoshi ko
kukan yunwa?
●
“Yunwa na nan” wahala ko kukan daɗi?
●
“Yunwa na nan” talauci ko raha?
●
“Yunwa na nan” tsanani ko wadata?
●
“Yunwa na nan” gyara ko ɓarna?
●
“Yunwa na nan”?
1.5
Muhimmancin Bincike
Babban
muhimmancin wannan bincike shi ne
- Domin gano ma’anar jumlar
- Domin fahimtar me take nufi
- Domin sanin ga wa take komawa
- Domin fahimtar tasirinta ga al’umma
1.6
Kadadar Bincike
Wannan bincike
yana da faɗi sosai sai dai, yana da
kadadar da take nuna inda ya tsaya. Binciken namu ya ja birkinsa a iya garin
Gusau da matasa da ‘yan mata da kuma samarin garin.
1.7
Kalmomin Fannu
Yunwa na nan: ƙirƙirarriyar sabuwar
jumla ce wacce samarin garin Gusau suka ƙirƙira, da take ɗauke da dunƙulallen saƙo ga shuwagabanni
don ankarar da su halin da al'ummar wannan garin suka tsinci kansu na halin
yunwa da ƙangin talauci.
Dabarun Gudanar da Bincike
Farfajiyar wannan
bincike na taƙaita ne ga kimiyyar harshen Hausa ga ƙirƙirar sabuwar jumlar ishara ko nuni ga wani ko ga waɗansu tsirarun mutane. An yi la’akari da sabuntar
wannan jumlar wato irinta ta farko yayin gudanar da wannan bincike, wajen tuntuɓar samari da matasa ta hanyar tuntuɓarsu da kuma tattaunawa da su.
Kasancewar
binciken bai fita daga cikin farfajiyar fahimtar Malam Bahaushe ba, an ɗora wannan aiki akan tunanin Bahaushe na; “da wasa
ake faɗa wa wawa magana”. Ko da ma
dai waɗansu daga cikin kalmomin
barkwancin Hausawa faɗakarwa ce ake yi a fakaice. A
bisa wannan fahimta, binciken na da hasashen cewa, ƙirƙirarrun kalmomin
da ake ƙirƙira game da mutane, na mazaunin hannunka-mai-sanda. Suna iya faɗakarwa da ankararwa ga mutane.
Gundarin Aiki
Ma’anar Jumlar
“Yunwa na nan” na
iya ɗaukar ma’anar zallar yunwa da
ƙarancin abinci da
rashin wadataccen kuɗin sayen abin masarufi. A ɗan ƙaramin binciken da muka gudanar mun gano cewa, jumlar yunwa na nan a
tsakanin kowane lungu da saƙon da talakawan garin Gusau ke zaune a ciki. Wato a iya cewa “hantsi leƙa gidan kowa” yunwar ta yi wa
lungunan masu ƙaramin ƙarfi a garin.
Ma’anar Jumlar a
Tsakanin Al’umma
A tsakanin
al’ummar garin Gusau kuwa, jumlar ta samu ma’anar ta kasu zuwa biyu, yayin da
waɗansu ke furta jumlar a
matsayin raha don tsokanar juna da wasa, a yayin da waɗansu kuwa ke furta ta don yin isgilanci ga waɗansu ko ga wani.
Ma’anarta ta raha
kamar yadda bincikenmu ya gano ita ce: furta wa juna ko wani da wani jumlar don
kawai a yi raha a yi dariya. Wani kan kalli wani ko waɗansu gungun mutane kawai ya ce “yunwa na nan” ba
tare da sun harzuƙa ko sun ta da jijiyar wuya ba. Wannan yana faruwa a tsakanin samari,
matasa da ‘yan mata.
Amma a ma’ana ta
isgilanci kuwa, mutane kan furta wa wani ko waɗansu iyalai ko wasu mutane wannan jumlar da zimmar ci musu mutunci ko yin
isgili a gare su. Bincikenmu ya gano hakan sakamakon nuna alama da jikinsu ya
yi ko kasa aiwatar da wani abu da aka saba aiwatarwa. Idan mutum ya samu rama
(ko da ta rashin lafiya ce) mutane kan yi amfani da wannan damar wajen furta
masa wannan jumlar wato “yunwa na nan”.
Dalilin Samuwar
Jumlar
A binciken da
muka gudanar a tsakanin matasa da samari, mun gano cewa wannan jumlar ta samo
asali ne daga halin yunwa da ƙangin talauci da al’umma suka tsinci kansu a ciki. Wasu kuma suna da ra’ayin cewa wannan
kalmar an ƙirƙire ta ne don yin hannunka mai sanda ga jagorori da ‘yan siyasa masu riƙe da madafun iko
da manyan masu kuɗi, don ankarar da su halin da
talakawa suka tsinci kansu na matsanancin yunwa da ƙangin talauci.
Tasirin Jumlar a
Tsakanin Al’umma
Wannan ƙirƙirarrar jumla ta
yi matuƙar tasiri cikin abin da ka iya cewa tamkar wutar da daji haka ta riƙa yaɗuwa a tsakanin al’umma, mutane da yawa ne suke
amfani da ita a tsakaninsu don raha ko isar da saƙo. Tasirinta ya yaɗu har a cikin mawaƙa da masu wasannin barkwanci an riƙa jiyo wannan jumlar.
Mallam Duro, wani
mai wasan barkwanci ne kuma mawaƙin gidan rediyon Pride FM Gusau, shi ma ya rera wa
tsohon gwamna wato Bello Muhammad (Matawallen Maradun) inda ya yi amfani da
wannan jumlar a baiti na farko da yake cewa: “Yunwa na nan sai bugu take,
Ta hyaɗe maza mata suna gudu,
Mulkin ceto
in hakan yake,
Mutanen
Zamfara mun ga ƙaddara,
Ya Allahu riƙa wa Matawalle yau,
Talakawa shi
muke jira ya zo
Ya kawar mana
gwamnatin ƙaya,
Talauci na
hyaɗar mutan jaha.”
Haka kuma, an
samu wasu samari masu shirya wasan barkwanci a gidan talabijin na ‘Youtube’
masu suna Mr. Designer TV sun gudanar da wasan barkwancinsu inda suka yi amfani
da wannan jumlar a cikin wasan nasu fa suke cewa
“Baba abun
al’ajabi ɗazu mai unguwa ya canye rogon
ɗari shidda, an yi magana
yayyi gyatsa yacce wallahi marmari nai nikai. Ni ban ma san mi yammai da mu ba.
Baba dun Allah ya za a yi ɗan Adam ya canye rogon ɗari shidda wai kuma marmari nai yakai, yunwa na nan!”
“Ina gaya ma
yanzu rogo ai ya yi muƙami shi shi ma.”
Haka kuma, na
daga cikin tasirin da wannan jumlar ta yi shi ne faɗaɗuwarta har zuwa cikin manyan mutane da tsofaffi. Jumlar ta yi matuƙar tasiri inda ta
riƙa yaɗuwa a tsakanin al’umma kamar
wutar daji a ɗan ƙanƙanin lokaci.
Ƙara wa Jumalar Faɗi a Tsakanin Al’umma
A farkon al’amari
kamar yadda bincikenmu ya gano, jumlar ba ta da wani ƙari sama da “yunwa na nan” amma, bayan ta
yi yaɗo a tsakanin al’umma sai aka
yi mata wasu ƙare-ƙare da ke nuna tasirinta a cikin al’umma. Daga cikin ƙare-ƙaren da aka aka
yi mata akwai faɗin
●
“Yunwa na nan, garin kwaki ya bi jiki”
●
“Yunwa na nan, rogo ya yi matsayi”
●
“Yunwa na nan, muna ganinku masu kashin tafasa, ta
safe ta game da ta rana.
Waɗannan ƙare-ƙaren da aka samu sun ƙara fito da jumlar, sun kuma ƙara fito da ainihin saƙon da take ɗauke da shi. Wannan ya sa mutane da dama suka ƙara mai da
hankali akan manufarta.
Tasirin Muryar
Samari da Matasa
Wannan ƙirƙira ta nuna irin ƙarfi da kuma
tasirin da muryar matasa da samari ke da ita a tsakanin al’ummar da suke
rayuwa a cikinta. Hakan ya nuna za a iya amfani da ƙirƙirarrun kalmomi
(masu kyau) wajen isar da saƙo cikin gaggawa musamman ga shuwagabanni da makamantansu.
Zamanin Zuwan
Jumlar
Wannan jumlar
dai, an ƙirƙire ta ne a tsakanin watan Yuni zuwa watan Yulin shekarar 2023 kamar
yadda wasu daga cikin matasan garin Gusau suka shaida mana. Kuma a zamanin
mulkin shuga Bola Ahmed Tinubu shugaban ƙasar Najeriya, daidai da mulkin gwamna Dr. Dauda
Lawal Dare Phd.
Amfanin Jumlar
Amfanin wannan
jumlar a fili yake ƙarara tamfar rana a lokacin azahar. Kaɗan daga cikin jerin gwanon amfaninta sun haɗa da
1- Ta faɗakar
2- Ta nishaɗantar
3- Ta ankarar
4- Ta faɗaɗu zuwa wasu garuruwa
5- Ta isa inda
ake so ta kai
6- Ta shiga jerin
ƙirƙirarrun kalmomin
Hausa
7- Ta yi tasiri
8- Ba batsa ba ce
9- Ta shiga bakin
manya da ƙanana
10- An yi nazarinta.
Rashin Amfaninta
A ɗaya ɓangaren kuma muna ɗauke da rashin amfanin wannan
jumla da za a iya cewa bai kai kaso ɗaya cikin ɗarin amfaninta ba. Rashin
amfaninta bai wuce juyar da ma’anarta da wasu suke yi ba don cin mutuncin wasu
ko nuna suna cikin yunwa bisa isgilanci.
Tsefe Jumlar
Ita dai wannan
jumlar ta “yunwa na nan” kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata, jumla ce mai nuni da
irin halin da wasu daga cikin mutanen garin Gusau suka tsinci kansu na rashin
wadataccen abinci da sauran kayan masarufi kamar yadda bincikenmu ya gano.
Harwayau, binciken namu ya gano cewa a da can baya, akwai kayan wadatar kayan
abinci sosai a garin Gusau, don kuwa har laƙani aka yi musu da “noma shi ne alfaharinmu” amma daga baya
kuma, sai ta rikiɗe ta zama cikin jerin gwanon
jihohi masu fama da yunwa da matsanancin talauci.
Jumalar “yunwa na
nan” saƙo ne dunƙulalle cikin hikima da dabarar isar da saƙo. Ba manufa ce ta nuna yunwa na nan tun tale-tale
ba sai dai, yunwa na nan a zamani ko lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri jumlar kamar
yadda bincikenmu ya gano. A wani binciken da muka gudanar a zantawarmu da wani
matashi ɗan asalin garin na Gusau, ya
shaida mana cewa ita wannan jumlar ba a ƙirƙire ta don wani saɓo ko ɓatanci ga wani ko wasu ba, sai dai don isar da saƙo da kuma bayyana
halin da al’umma suka tsinci kansu.
Sakamakon Bincike
Wannan bincike
kusan za a iya kiransa da hanjin jimina, wato kome za a iya samu a cikinsa.
Bayan nazari da kuma zurfafa wannan bincike, binciken namu ya gano abubuwa
kamar haka
- Da yawan matsalolin da
ake fama da su idan aka yi amfani da ƙirƙirarrun kalmomi ta hanyar amfani da muryar
matasa da samari, za a iya shawo kan matsalar.
- Za a iya amfani da ƙirƙirarrun
kalmomi wajen samar da nishaɗi a tsakanin al’umma.
- Ƙirƙirarrun kalmomi na iya haddasa sauyin yanayi a tsakanin al’umma.
- Al’adun Hausawa ba su
karo da ƙirƙirarrun kalmomi ba (musamman idan masu kyau ne).
- Kowane tsuntsu kukan
gidansa yake yi. Mutanen garin sun yi amfani da ƙirƙirarrar
jumla wajen sama wa kansu mafita.
Kammalawa
Samuwar wannan
jumlar ya zo da juyin-juya-hali da kusan ya shafi kowane lungu da saƙo na jama’ar garin Gusau,
sakamakon tasirin da jumlar ta yi na kawo sauyi da kuma isar da saƙo cikin sauri
tamkar haske! An kuma ga yadda mawaƙa masu wasan barkwanci suka riƙa tururuwa wajen
yin amfani da wannan jumlar don ƙarfafa saƙonsu da na jumlar.
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