Cite this as: Ɗangulbi, A. R. (2024). Zuga Da Habaicia Wakokin Zamani: Nazari a kan wasu waƙoƙin siyasa na Muhammadu Buhari a Jumhuriya ta huɗu [Kundin digiri na uku wanda ba a wallafa ba]. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
ZUGA DA HABAICI A
WAƘOƘIN ZAMANI: NAZARI A KAN WASU WAƘOƘIN SIYASA NA
MUHAMMADU BUHARI A JUMHURIYA TA HUƊU
NA
ALIYU RABI’U ƊANGULBI
A THESIS SUBMITTED
TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTORATE DEGREE IN AFRICAN LITERATURE (HAUSA)
DEPARTMENT OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES
AND CULTURES, FACULTY OF ARTS AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
SATUMBA, 2024
SADAUKARWA
Na sadaukar da wannan aiki ga mahaifana malam Rabi’u Musa
da malama Zainab Muhammad Allah ya jikan mahaifana da sauran musulmin duniya
baki ɗaya. Allah ya sa
aljannar Firdausi ta zama makoma a gare mu.
GODIYA
Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki da a cikin ikonsa ya kawo mu wannan zango a
nazarin ‘’Zuga da Habaici a Waƙoƙin Zamani:Nazari a kan Wasu Waƙoƙin Siyasa na Muhammadu Buhari a Jumhuriya ta Huɗu’’.Tsira da amincin Allah su ƙara tabbata ga Manzonsa Annabi
Muhammadu Sallallahu Alaihi Wa sallam.Ina miƙa kyakkyawar godiyata marar yankewa ga
Jagoran duba wannan aiki na farko, Farfesa Magaji Tsoho Yakawada da Farfesa
Muhammadu Lawal Amin, jagoran duba wannan aiki na biyu da Dakta Shu’aibu Hassan
jagoran duba aiki na uku, waɗanda su ne suka yi
ɗawainiya da wannan aiki wajen duba shi
da gyara shi da bayar da kyawawan shawarwari da muhimman takardu da littattafai
da suka taimaka wajen gudanar da aikin. Haka kuma ina miƙa godiyata ta musamman ga shugaban Sashen
Harsuna da Al’adun Afirka, Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, Zariya, Dakta Shu’aibu Hassan.Ina
yi musu kyakkyawar fatar alheri a dukkan al’amuran da suka sa gaba, Allah ya
saka musu da mafificin alherinsa.
Ina kuma miƙa godiya ga Farfesa Salisu Garba Kargi da Farfesa
Balarabe Abdullahi da Dakta Shu’aibu Abdulmumin da Dakta Adamu Ibrahim
Malumfashi da Dakta Rabi’u Tahir da Dakta Hauwa Muhammad Bugaje da sauran
malamai da masana, waɗanda suka tallafa
mini wajen gudanar da wannan bincike. Haka kuma ina ƙara miƙa godiya ta musamman ga dukkanin
malaman Sashen Harsuna da Al’adun Afirka, Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello, Zariya, waɗanda suka haɗa da Dr. Halima
Kabir Daura da Dr. Ayuba Abubakar da sauran malaman da ba a ambata ba. Allah ya
saka ma kowanensu da alheri.
Ina miƙa godiyata ga Hukumar Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau
da dukkan ma’aikatantan gudanarwa, da kuma hukumar bayar da tallafin ƙaro ilimi ta
manyan makarantun gaba da sakandare ta ƙasa saboda damar da aka ba ni na ƙaro ilimi.
Na gode wa dukkan abokan aiki a Sashen Harsuna da Al’adu,
a Jami’ar Tarayya da ke Gusau.Ba za a manta da Dr. Musa Fadama Gummi da Malam
Musa Abdullahi da Malam Isah Sarkin Fada da Malam Arabi Umar Muhammad da Malam
Abu Ubaida Sani da Malam Bashir Abdullahi da Malama Halima Mansur Kurawa saboda
ba ni shawarwari masu amfani wajen ganin wannan bincike ya kammala. Haka kuma
ina godiya ga sauran ma’aikata waɗanda ba malamai ba
na sashen Harsuna da Al’adu na Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, da suka haɗa da Abubakar Bala Mada da Shamsu Abubakar Jega da Umar
Sani Anka da malama Binta Ibrahim da Isah Ɗanmalikin Gidangoga saboda gudummuwa da
suka ba ni da shawarwari da addu’o’i marasa yankewa, Allah ya saka masu da
mafificin alheri. Godiya ga dukkan malamai da ma’aikatan Tsangayar Fasaha ta
Jami’ar Tarayya ta Gusau bisa ga nuna kulawarsu ta musamman da addu’a wajen
ganin wannan karatu ya sami nasara.
Ina godiya ta
musamman ga malamaina a Jami’ar Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo Sokoto da suka haɗa da Farfesa Haruna Abdullahi Birniwa da farfesa Salisu
Ahmad Yakasai da kuma Farfesa Haliru Ahmad Amfani, da Farfesa Yakubu Aliyu
Gobir da Farfesa Abdullahi Bayero Yahya da Farfesa Ibrahim Abdullahi Sarkin
Kontagora da sauran waɗanda ba a ambata
ba, saboda irin kulawar da suka nuna ga wannan aiki.Allah ya saka musu da
alheri, Allah ya bar zumunci.
Har wa yau ina miƙa godiya ta
musamman ga Muhammad Suraj Abdullahi Kontagora bisa ga taimakon da yake bayarwa
wajen ganin wannan binciken bai samu matsala ba. Ina kuma godiya ga Sufiyanu
Musa Gusau da sauran mutanen da suka ba da taimako da addu’o’i da shawarwari
domin ganin wannan bincike ya samu nasara. Allah ya saka masu da alheri.
Bugu da ƙari, ina godiya ga
ƙannena baki ɗayansu maza da mata bisa ga haƙuri da juriya da taimakon da suka bayar
domin ganin na kammala wannan karatu cikin nasara. Allah ya saka musu da
mafificin alheri. Ba zan manta da matana ba, Hajiya Huraira Muhammad da Hajiya
Fatima Garba Ja’o da Hajiya Bilkisu Isyaka Birnin Magaji da kuma Hajiya Amina
Marafa Gusau, saboda juriya da haƙuri da kula da tarbiyar yara da suka yi a tsawon lokacin
da ake gudanar da wannan bincike. Haka ina goiya ga ‘ya’yana maza da mata baki ɗaya, Allah ya yi musu sakamako da alhairi wanda ba ya
yankewa.
Ƙarshe ina godiya ga dukkan mawaƙan da na yi hira
da su da kuma amfani da wakoƙinsu wajen gudanar da wannan bincike. Allah ya ƙara masu basira da
hikima su ci gaba da bunƙasa adabin Hausa, musamman a fannin waƙoƙin siyasa.Na gode
Allah ya saka wa kowa da mafificin alheri amin.
Aliyu Rabi’u Ɗangulbi
Sashen Harsuna da Al’adu
Jami’ar Tarayya Gusau, Zamfara, Nijerriya.
This research, entitled , ‘Incitation and Sitire In Mordern Poetry: A Study of Some political poems for Muhammadu Buhari in the Fourth Republic,’’ is based on the propagation, education and cheeriness to understanding the significance of electing a person of good character who can meet the desired goals of the citizenries.The research is aimed at studying the role of incitation and sitire particulaly on the part of Muhammadu Buhari who’s good behaviours earned him acceptabilty amongs Nigerian and politicians. Likewise, to look into the incitation and sitiric funtion towards praising, downgrading and disqualifying political parties and political aspirants who by nature are determined to compete against Buhari’s Political ambition in the 2015 general elections. The research is based on application of Epideitic Theory of literary Critism founded by Aristotle’s conception of importance; for all speakers praise or blame regarding the existing qualities of a leader, but reminding the audience of the past, and projecting the course of the future. The theory tries to explain and drag the attention of politicians and the relationship between the bourgeous and haves not or the rulers and the subjects. Based on this, some poems written on Muhammadu Buhari style of politics in the fourth republic were studied, in order to understand the role of incitation and satiric slangs towards sanitising political system by electing people of good character, that are honest and just to lead the country. An interview was conducted with political stakeholders, Libraries were visited, Websites, Newspapers, studios, Journals and Articles, Mass Media, poetes, as well as some few artisans in the course of the study. The research finds out that incitation and sitire played a significant role in exposing good character and behaviours of Buhari in the minds of Nigerians, which encouraged them to come out in mass and cast their votes by electing him prisident of Nigeria in 2015 general elections. and that the diginity and prestige of poetes uplifted amongs others. Likewise, the research created nine types of sitire in which the poetes use to abuse opposition parties as well as politician in order to uplift and expose their candidate’s good characters to the audiance, inculcated the love of Muhammadu Buhari in the minds of Nigerians about his good character and just in administrative affairs.
TSAKURE
Wannan bincike mai suna, ‘ Zuga da Habaici a Waƙoƙin Zamani: Nazari
a kan wasu waƙoƙin Siyasar Muhammadu Buhari a Jumhuriya ta huɗu.’, ya yi nazari ne a kan gudunmuwar da zuga da habaici
suke bayarwa a cikin waƙoƙin siyasa na Muhammadu Buhari wajen tallata kyawawan ɗabi’u da halayensa nagari domin isar da saƙonni tsakanin masu
mulki da waɗanda ake mulka. Wannan
shi ya bayar da dama a ɗora binciken a kan
mazahabar yabo da kushe wa ɗabi’u da halayen
mutane (Epideitic theory), ta masanin Falsafar nan ɗan asalin ƙasar Girka, Aristotle, (384-322 BCE) wadda ya samar a
(350 BCE), domin jawo hankalin ‘Yan siyasa su fahimci muhimmancin kyawawan ɗabiu da halaye nagari ga duk mutumin da yake son a tsayar
da shi jagorancin jama’a a siyasance. An bi hanyoyi da suka dace wajen tattara
muhimman bayanai dangane da wannan aiki. An yi hira a masu ruwa da tsaki a kan
harkokin siyasa, da mawaƙan zamani da ziyarar ɗakunan karatu da duba mujallu da muƙalu da jaridu da kafar sadarwa ta
zamani da kuma wasu masu sana’o’in da suke da alaƙa da wannan bincike. Binciken ya gano
irin rawar da zuga da habaici suka taka ta hanyar amfani da kalamai na yabo ga
wanda ake yi wa waƙa domin a tallata shi ga jama’a. Haka kuma a kushe wa
‘yan adawa ko waɗanda ba su da
kyawawan ɗabi’u domin a
tozartar da su a zukatan mutane. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Buhari ya sami
gagarumar karɓuwa ga jama’a suka
fito ƙwansu da
kwarkwatarsu suka jefa masa ƙuri’unsu a zaɓen 2015. Haka kuma
binciken ya ƙirƙiro wasu nau’o’in habaici guda
tara, waɗanda mawaƙan siyasar
Muhammadu Buhari suka yi amfani da su wajen jawo hankalin al’umma su fahimci
muhimmancin kyawawan ɗabi’unsa game da
gudanar da harkokin mulki cikin gaskiya da adalci.
ƘUNSHIYA
COVER PAGE -- i
TITLE PAGE -- ii
DECLARATION -- iii
CERTIFICATION -- iv
SADAUKARWA -- v
GODIYA -- vi
ABSTRACT -- ix
TSAKURE -- x
ƘUNSHIYA -- xi
BABI NA ƊAYA: SHIMFIƊA -- 1
1.1 Gabatarwa -- 1
1.2. Manufar Bincike -- 2
1.3. Dalilin Bincike -- 3
1.4. Tambayoyin Bincike -- 6
1.5. Farfajiyar Bincike -- 7
1.6 Muhimmancin Bincike -- 8
1.7. Hujjar cigaba da Bincike -- 9
1.8. Hanyoyin Gudanar da Bincike --
10
1.8.1. Hanyoyin Tattara Bayanai --
10
1.8.2 Ginshiƙan Hanyoyi -- 11
1.8.3.Sauran Hanyoyi -- 11
1.8.4.Hanyar Ƙwanƙwance Bayanai -- 12
1.8.5 Hanyoyin da aka bi aka samo waƙoƙi -- 12
1.8.6. Lokacin da aka aiwatar da waƙoƙin -- 12
1.9. Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Mawaƙan da Aka Zaɓo -- 13
1.9.1. Ibrahim Yala Hayin Banki Kaduna
-- 14
1.9.2 . Ƙurciyarsa -- 14
1.9.3 . Karatun Boko -- 14
1.9.4. Fara Waƙarsa a Shahararsa -- 14
1.9.5. Gwagwarmayarsa -- 15
1.9.6. Iyalansa -- 15
1.10. Dauda Adamu Kahutu Rararar --
15
1.10.1. Karatunsa na Addini -- 15
1.10.2. Fara Waƙarsa da Shahararsa -- 16
1.10.3. Gwagwarmayarsa -- 16
1.10.4. Iyalansa -- 16
1.11. Aminu Ladan Abubakar -- 17
1.11.1. Mahaifansa -- 17
1.11.2. Karatunsa na Addini -- 18
1.11.3.Karatunsa na Boko -- 19
1.11.4 Fara Waƙarsa da Shahararsa -- 19
1.11.5 Iyalansa -- 20
1.12. Murtala Abdullahi Mamsa Jos --
20
1.12.1 Karatunsa na Addini da na Boko
-- 20
1.12.2. Gwagwarmayarsa -- 21
1.12. 3. Fara Waƙarsa -- 21
1.12.4. Iyalansa -- 21
1.13. Mudasiru Ƙasimu -- 21
1.13.1. Karatunsa na Addini da Boko --
22
1.13.2. Fara Waƙarsa -- 22
1.13.3. Iyalansa -- 24
1.14. Kamilu Hussaini Adamu -- 24
1.14.1 Karatunsa na Addini -- 25
1.14.2. Karatunsa na Boko -- 25
1.14.3. Gwagwarmayarsa -- 25
1.14.4. Fara Waƙarsa -- 25
1.14.5. Iyalansa -- 26
1.15. Wane ne Muhammadu Buhari ? --
26
1.15.1 Shugaban Mulkin Soja -- 27
1.15.2.Shigarsa Gwagwarmayar Siyasa --
27
1.15.3 Laƙabin Gaskiya Dokin Ƙarfe -- 28
1.11 Ra’in Bincike -- 28
1.12. Naɗewa -- 31
BABI NA BIYU -- 32
BITAR AYYUKKAN DA SUKA GABATA --
32
2.1 Gabatarwa -- 32
2.2. Siyasa -- 41
2.3. Siyasar Gargajiya -- 43
2.4. Siyasar Zamani -- 45
2.5. Tarihin Ginuwar Siyasa (Damokuraɗiyya) A Arewacin
Nijeriya, Ƙasar Hausa -- 48
2.5.1 Jumhuriya ta Farko -- 49
2.5.2. Mulkin Soja -- 51
2.5.3. Jumhuriya ta Biyu -- 52
2.5.4. Jumhuriya ta Uku -- 53
2.5.5. Jumhuriya ta huɗu -- 55
2.6. Zuga -- 56
2.6.1. Nau’o’in Zuga -- 60
2.6.2. Zuga kumburau -- 60
2.6.3. Zuga kambamau ko Kariyau --
61
2.6.4. Zuga Ingizau -- 62
2.7. Habaici -- 65
2.8. Nau’o’in Habaici -- 67
2.8.1.Habaici-Gargaɗau -- 67
2.8.2 Habaici -shaguɓau -- 69
2.8.3. Habaici –Nunau -- 71
2.8.4. Habaici -Sakayau -- 73
2.8.5.Habaici -Miƙau -- 75
2.8.6. Habaici-Ƙasƙantau -- 78
2.8.7. Habaici -Gama-gari -- 82
2.8.8. Habaici -Keɓantau -- 84
2.8.9. Habaici -Kaikaitau -- 85
2.9 Habaici a matsayin jigo -- 88
2.10. Habaici a matsayin Salon sarrafa
harshe -- 89
2.11. Tasirin Habaici a Zukatan Al’umma
-- 93
2.12. Waƙa -- 94
2.13. Tasirin Waƙa ga Isar da Saƙo ga Al’umma -- 95
2.14. Bambancin waƙa da Sauran Kafofin Isar da Saƙo -- 99
2.15. Naɗewa -- 100
BABI NA UKU -- 101
ZUGA A WAƘOƘINSIYASARMUHAMMADU BUHARI A JUMHURIYA
TA HUƊU -- 101
3.1 Gabatarwa -- 98
3.2 Zuga a Matsayin salon Jan Hankali
-- 103
3.2.1Zuga ta Fuskar Shugabanci --
103
3.2.2 Tallata Ɗantakara -- 117
3.2.3. Tallata Jam’iyya -- 123
3.2.4 Zuga ta Fuskar Gudanar da Zaɓe -- 132
3.2.5 Zuga ta Fuskar Hana Maguɗin Zaɓe -- 138
3.2.6 Zuga ta Fuskar Hana ha’inci --
144
3.2.7. Zuga ta Fuskar Hana zalunci --
147
3.2.8. Zuga ta Fuskar Bunƙasa Tattalin Arziki -- 149
3.2.9. Zuga ta Fuskar Rashin Tsaro --
151
3.2.10 Zuga ta Fuskar Adawa -- 154
3.3 Zuga a Matsayin Salon sarrafa
Harshe -- 155
3.3.1 Aron Kalmomi -- 155
3.3.2 Karin magana -- 157
3.3.3 Saɓa Ƙa’idar Harshe --
159
3.4 Tasirin Zuga a Zukatan Al’umma --
161
3.5 Naɗewa -- 164
BABI NA HUDU -- 165
HABAICI A WASU WAƘOƘIN SIYASAR MUHAMMADU BUHARI A JUMHURIYA
TA HUDU -- 165
4.1. Gabatarwa -- 165
4.2. Habaici a Matsayin Salon Jan
Hankali -- 167
4.2.1. Habaici ta Fuskar Mulkin Siyasa
-- 167
4.2.2. Habaici ta Fuskar Shugabanci da
Shugabanni -- 175
4.2.3. Habaici ta Fuskar Jam’iyya --
188
4.2.4. Habaici ta Fuskar Ɗantakara -- 194
4.2.5.Habaici ta Fuskar Tabbatar da
Adalci -- 198
4.2.6Habaici ta Fuskar Hana Zalunci --
206
4.2.7. Habaici ta Fuskar Hana Ha’inci
-- 209
4.2.8. Habaici ta Fuskar RashinCika Alƙawari -- 221
4.2.9. Habaici ta Fuskar Adawa --
226
4.3. Habaici ta Fuskar Rashin Kishin ƙasa -- 236
4.3.1.Habaici ta Fusksr Bunƙasa Aikin Gona -- 237
4.3.2. Habaici ta Fuskar. Haɓɓaka Ilimi --
239
4.3.3 Habaici ta Fuskar Inganta Kiwon
Lafiya -- 247
4..34. Habaici ta Fuskar Bunƙasa Hanyoyin Sufuri -- 251
4.3.5. Habaici ta Fuskar Bunƙasa Tattalin Arzikin ƙasa -- 259
4.3.6. Habaici ta Fuskar Rashin Tsaro
-- 265
4.3.7. Habaici ta Fuskar Yaudara da
Addini -- 276
4.2.18 Naɗewa -- 279
BABI NA BIYAR: NAƊEWA -- 279
5.1 Kammalawa -- 281
5.2. Sakamakon Bincike -- 283
5.3. Shawarwari -- 289
MANAZARTA -- 285
Rataye -- 291
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